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官方回应北京雾霾现耐药"超级菌":对人体无害

2016-11-26 04:04:31   京华时报

图为北京雾霾现场

近日,“北京雾霾发现耐药菌‘人类最后的抗生素’将束手无策”的文章引发关注。该文章转发了一篇发表于国际期刊《Microbiome(微生物)》的关于抗生素耐药性的研究成果,研究提到北京雾霾的样本含有“最多种类的抗生素的耐药基因”;北京雾霾是唯一“含有几种针对碳青霉烯类(Carbapenems)抗生素的耐药性基因”的样本,而这种抗生素被广泛用于治疗很多重大疾病,因此文章称其为“一种可最后求助的抗生素”。

记者就此联系上该文献作者——瑞典哥德堡大学抗生素耐药性研究中心主任Joakim Larsson。Joakim Larsson表示,抗生素耐药性基因不会对人体带来直接影响,且这种现象并非北京或中国独有,很有可能普遍存在。

北京市卫计委昨日援引专家说法介绍,细菌的耐药性和致病性是完全不同的概念,耐药性的增加不意味着致病性的增强。

研究团队

耐药菌不会对人类产生直接影响

这份瑞典哥德堡大学抗生素耐药性研究中心论文,从人类、动物和全世界不同环境共收集了864份DNA样本,其中14份空气样本均来自北京雾霾。分析结果称,相比泥土、水等外部环境,北京空气中的微生物群落含有的已知抗生素耐药性基因种类最多,平均有64.4种。

对此,有人担忧,雾霾中发现的抗生素耐药性基因,会不会使人体产生耐药性,或对人体产生危害?

Joakim Larsson告诉新京报记者,这些都是细菌基因,它们使细菌对抗生素产生耐药性,只有出现在有活性的致病性细菌中时才会成为问题,不会对人类产生直接影响。

针对北京空气样本中发现碳青霉烯类(Carbapenems)抗生素的耐药性基因,Joakim Larsson表示,只有同时满足三个条件时,这种情况才令人担忧:一是这种细菌在空气中具有活性;二是这些细菌具有致病性;三是空气中这些细菌的密度足够高。

而之所以选择北京的样本,他表示,因为这些样本是唯一能达到该研究的入选标准的。

市卫计委

耐药性增加不意味着致病性增强

昨日,北京市卫计委援引专家观点解释称,在我们周围环境中,有大量的细菌存在,不仅在空气中,在口腔、鼻腔、呼吸道、胃肠道,都存在细菌或真菌,它们对人体是没害的,大量细菌和我们是共生共存的关系。

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