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中国制定未来20年空间探测发展战略时间表

2016-10-13 16:10:22   国防科工局

资料图:长征三号乙运载火箭成功发射

原标题:我国制定未来20年空间探测发展战略时间表

在中国航天事业创立60周年之际,国防科工局会同有关部门,对深空探测等重大领域开展了深化论证,制定了我国未来20年空间探测发展战略。

此次制定的发展战略中,形成了以深空探测、机器人和载人月球探测为主线的发展战略,路线图及重大航天工程建议。其中,在月球探测方面,我国目前正在推进探月工程的第三步,即在明年发射嫦娥五号月球探测器。

国防科工局总工程师、国家航天局秘书长田玉龙介绍:“首先我们要确保明年年底嫦娥五号的着陆探测和取样返回,之后实现嫦娥四号首次在月球背面的着陆。我们还安排了两次对月球南北极的探测,为未来在月球的深入探测和精确探测奠定基础。”

此外,中国航天正在将目标瞄准更加遥远的火星。和月球探测一样,火星探测也将完成火星的环绕探测、着陆和巡视探测以及采样返回。

“火星的着陆探测计划2020年发射,2021年到达。”田玉龙说,“由于有探月工程的经验积累,我国将在第一次火星探测时,就实现火星的环绕探测和着陆巡视。这对我国航天器在空间环境、测控通信和地外天体软着陆等关键技术上提出新的挑战。”

而在月球、火星探测任务开展的同时,我国还将在2030年前后深化火星采样返回、小行星探测、木星系等探测方案,开展关键技术研究,推动深空探测工程实施。

在这些航天重大工程的推进当中,中国航天也在引入更多的国际合作力量,提高国家科学技术水平的同时,也通过国际合作交流,和世界分享中国航天进步的成果。

田玉龙介绍:“我国已与30多个国家开展了政府间合作,推动了卫星技术,卫星应用和空间科学等领域的合作。”据了解,我国目前和世界主要的航天组织都在进行多个领域的合作,其中我国和俄罗斯航天部门,在火箭发动机,电子元器件,对地观测和深空探测等领域的合作正在稳步推进。与欧洲国家在空间科学等领域的合作也取得成果。如中法海洋星和中法天文星,经过5年的合作,中法海洋星将在2018年发射,中法天文星将在2020年左右发射。而这些合作也正在成为未来我国在重大航天工程中加强国际合作的基础。

田玉龙说:“在火星的任务过程和任务目标是要推动火星探测的国际合作。应该说中国航天越来越开放,不仅是中国航天自身发展的需要,也是服务于人类福祉方面中国应该作出的贡献。”

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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