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揭秘天宫二号空间实验室:到底有多牛?

2016-09-15 11:14:22   国际在线

原标题:揭秘“天宫二号”空间实验室:到底有多牛?

天宫二号空间实验室与长征二号F T2火箭垂直转运至发射塔架。 孙浩摄

中新网9月15日电在超期服役长达两年半之后,中国第一个空间实验室天宫一号“完成使命”。而即将升空的接力者——“天宫二号”空间实验室,则将开创更多“第一次”,除了要印证航天员在轨中期驻留,还要开展14项实验,涉及八大领域。

按计划,“天宫二号”空间实验室将于北京时间9月15日22时04分发射。今年10月,中国将发射“神舟十一号”载人飞船,与“天宫二号”空间实验室进行对接,进行30天的航天员中期驻留试验;2017年,“长征七号”火箭将发射“天舟一号”货运飞船,与“天宫二号”进行对接,进行推进剂在轨补加等空间站建造运营关键技术的验证。其目的是为了中国将在2020年前后建成的永久性空间站。

“天宫二号”上的新设备

“天宫二号”与“天宫一号”相同,均为长期在轨自动运行、短期载人的飞行器,是为未来的长期性空间站建设做准备。但两者相比,“内在”的变化很大。

从中国航天科技集团此前发布的消息来看,“天宫二号”较大的改进是装备更豪华、装载量提高、内部环境更好。值得一提的是,“天宫二号”的系统设计是模块化的,也就是说它出现问题时可以快速更换和在轨维修,这在国内空间领域属于首创。

此外,为了方便航天员太空生活,“天宫二号”在内部增加了很多贴心的设计。中国航天科技集团五院“天宫二号”空间实验室总设计师朱枞鹏在接受采访时介绍说:“我们要以人为本,给航天员创造一个更好的生活和工作环境。”

“天宫二号”首次使用可展开的多功能小平台,航天员可以在上面写字、吃饭、做科学实验,生活工作两不误;通信方面为航天员配备了蓝牙耳机和蓝牙音响;用地板取代了地毯;舱内灯光采用米黄色色调,亮度可手动调节,并为每个航天员安装了床前灯。

事实上,30天的太空驻留不仅是对航天员本身的考验,也是对中国载人航天技术全新的挑战。如何长时间提供适合人生活的环境,如何长时间提供包括水在内的物资供给,都将在“天宫二号”任务中得到验证。

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