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北京大气治污效果显著 为全球创造可借鉴的经验

2016-05-25 17:35:36   北京日报

本报讯(记者 骆倩雯)昨天,联合国环境规划署(UNEP)在内罗毕总部举办的全球空气质量行动报告发布会上,发布了《北京空气污染治理历程:1998-2013年》评估报告。报告指出,北京大气污染治理措施效果显著,为全球其他发展中经济体创造了可以借鉴的经验。

《北京空气污染治理历程:1998-2013年》评估项目由UNEP主导,聘请国际和国内专家团队历时两年多完成。该项目对北京1998年至2013年采取的大气污染治理措施进行了梳理,重点对能源结构调整和燃煤源污染治理、机动车排放控制、空气质量监测能力建设、空气污染预警应急等领域的工作进行了评估。

报告显示,1998年至2013年,北京持续采取的大气污染治理措施对改善北京市的空气质量发挥了积极作用,15年间,北京常住人口增长了70%,机动车保有量增长了303%,能源消费总量增长了77%,但二氧化硫、二氧化氮和可吸入颗粒物的年均浓度分别下降了78%、24%和43%,大气治污效果显著。

作为参与此次评估的中方主要专家,中国工程院院士、清华大学环境学院院长贺克斌教授表示,从1998年以来各种污染物的监测数据和科研数据来看,北京的空气质量确实得到了持续的改善,这说明北京治理大气污染的各项政策、科技、经济、法律等综合措施取得了显著成效。同时他还表示,从北京治理大气污染的现有技术方向和积累的数据成果来说,对北京今后空气质量的持续改善非常有信心。

报告中表明,从北京经验来看,制定综合的战略措施是减少大气污染物排放的核心关键。这些综合的措施包括立法、行政管理、经济和技术等方面的手段,重点针对能源消费、机动车排放、工业污染、施工扬尘等污染源,并通过系统的监测和信息报告对工作进展及成就加以监测和发布。同时,减排措施实现的污染物减排量对于降低城市环境空气中的污染物浓度起到了至关重要的作用。

为了实现PM2.5年均浓度2030年下降到35微克/立方米的目标,报告还建议北京加快推进和完善空气污染治理的法律体系;完善城市规划合理布局,推进京津冀协同发展;持续推进能源清洁化战略,深入治理燃煤源排放污染;大力发展绿色交通模式,深化和完善“车——油——路”一体的机动车排放控制体系。

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