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仲裁法施行迄今已20年:司法纠错率始终低于1%

2015-11-20 11:44:45   中国新闻网

仲裁法施行迄今已20年:司法纠错率始终低于1%

预计2015年,全国仲裁机构累计受理案件数将突破100万件,案件标的额将超过15000亿元。这是记者从近日在安徽省合肥市召开的2015年全国仲裁工作年会上获悉的。

国务院法制办政府法制协调司副司长袁诗鸣表示,自仲裁法实施以来,中国仲裁机构的案件数量与标的总额连年攀升,“仲裁在国家民商事纠纷化解机制中,角色日益加重,地位显著提升。”

受案数年均增长率超过30%

仲裁法自1995年9月1日起施行,迄今已经20年。回顾仲裁法实施以来的成绩,多项数据的几何化增长,最直观地反映了20年间中国仲裁事业的跨越式发展。

据袁诗鸣介绍,自1995年起,我国每年通过仲裁解决的纠纷数量持续增长,年均增长率超过30%。

1995年,全国各仲裁机构共受理案件1048件,2014年增长至113660件,是1995年的108倍。1995年,全国各仲裁机构受理案件标的总额是2亿元,2009年首次突破1000亿元,2014年增长至2656亿元。

去年仲裁事业取得的成绩尤其辉煌。据了解,2014年,全国各仲裁机构仲裁受案数和标的额都再创历史新高,标的额实现历史最大增幅。

不仅是数量可观,已呈规模效应,仲裁解决纠纷的质量也始终维持在高水平。据历年统计,司法纠错率始终低于1%。“这充分显现出仲裁在新的历史条件下,妥善解决社会纠纷的强大功能,赢得了越来越广泛的社会认可和信赖。”袁诗鸣说。

235个仲裁机构逾4万仲裁员

仲裁法实施20年的另一成绩,体现在仲裁工作体制的基本形成上。

据袁诗鸣介绍,在我国依法可以重新组建仲裁机构的290个城市中,已重新组建233个仲裁委员会,包括原有的贸仲和海仲在内,全国共有235个仲裁委员会。“这种格局彻底改变了原来按行业设立仲裁机构的行政仲裁体制,形成了全国统一的仲裁工作体制。”

在仲裁法实施以前,上世纪90年代初,我国行政仲裁机构的数量一度达3000多个,且门类繁多,如经济合同仲裁机构、房地产仲裁机构、技术合同仲裁机构等,几乎遍及市县。

根据仲裁法第79条规定,“本法施行前设立的不符合本法规定的其他仲裁机构,自本法施行之日起终止。”据此,3000多个行政仲裁机构,一年之内全部终止。

在根据仲裁法设立的仲裁机构蓬勃发展的同时,初具规模、专业敬业的仲裁员及仲裁机构工作人员队伍也已形成。据统计,目前我国的仲裁员队伍已达4万多名,仲裁机构专职工作人员近5000多名。

仲裁作用仍未得到充分发挥

时值20周年之际,除了总结成绩,仲裁界对于目前存在的问题与困难也并不回避,并予以全面而深刻的反省。

袁诗鸣指出,一些仲裁机构对于发展的重要性认识还不足,发展不起来的问题还存在,仲裁的作用没有得到充分发挥,一些仲裁机构发展不可持续的问题仍然突出。

还有一些仲裁机构对当事人的仲裁需求不能做到充分满足,只办大案不办小案的现象不同程度地存在。袁诗鸣强调,仲裁机构不应把需要仲裁、选择仲裁的当事人拒之门外。

此外,仲裁的保全与执行、文书送达等协调机制还有待完善。

直面这些问题,袁诗鸣要求,“对于这些问题,我们必须共同努力,切实加以解决。”

全面梳理问题清单逐个解决

据了解,为落实十八届四中全会决定任务,摸底各地仲裁法贯彻实施情况,国务院法制办已专门召开会议并下发文件,要求各省级政府法制机构抓紧时间完成任务。

袁诗鸣介绍,此举旨在对全国各地贯彻实施仲裁法的情况和贯彻四中全会决定有关内容的情况以及有关仲裁制度和社会公信力存在的问题,进行一次全面调查了解,并将需要研究和解决的问题梳理出清单。

袁诗鸣透露,明后两年,国务院法制办将会同有关团体和仲裁界,对仲裁制度、仲裁公信力存在的问题,逐个研究提出解决方案,逐步推进实现。“目标是建立科学的仲裁制度体系,树立与经济社会发展需要相适应的仲裁社会公信力,促进仲裁事业发展。”(记者张维)

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