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“中国方案”促进世界经济治理变革

2017-09-03 16:11:13   经济日报

当前,全球增长动能不足,发展失衡,全球经济治理滞后。作为世界第二大经济体,中国立足“人类命运共同体”,本着“共商共建共享”的理念,深度参与全球经济治理改革,推动各国各领域互联互通,共同发展共享繁荣,力图从根本上铲除和平赤字、发展赤字、治理赤字产生的根源,着力解决世界经济增长、治理、发展模式存在的问题。

发展,是当前世界面临的首要任务。中国经济快速增长,促进了全球经济稳定和持续增长。改革开放以来,中国累计吸引外资超过1.7万亿美元,累计对外直接投资超过1.2万亿美元,为世界经济发展作出巨大贡献。世界经济论坛创始人兼执行主席克劳斯·施瓦布认为,“中国经济对世界经济而言是极大的推动”。国际金融危机爆发以来,中国经济增长对世界经济增长的贡献率年均超过30%。

发展,也是解决一切问题的总钥匙。中国通过自身经济的发展,不仅使数亿中国人摆脱了贫困,也使全球经济增长更加包容。联合国千年发展目标报告显示,中国对全球减贫的贡献率超过70%。联合国秘书长古特雷斯坦言,“过去10年,中国是为全球减贫作出最大贡献的国家”。当前,全球增长动能不足,难以支撑世界经济持续稳定增长。中国着眼于“人类命运共同体”,倡议共建“一带一路”,将其建成和平之路、繁荣之路、开放之路、创新之路、文明之路,同一大批国家的联动发展,使全球经济发展更加平衡。

小智治事,大智治制。世界经济格局正在发生变化,发展中国家地位上升,全球经济治理体系变革紧迫性越来越突出。全球经济治理滞后,难以适应世界经济新变化。中国在各种场合,为发展中国家代言,深度参与全球治理改革,为国际经济秩序的完善作出持续不断的努力。中国积极推进现有国际金融机构的改革,推动国际货币基金组织份额改革,提高中国和新兴市场国家在全球经济金融体系中的话语权和代表性,为发展中国家争取更多话语权。中国促进人民币国际化,人民币纳入SDR国际储备货币篮子,并建立全新的多边合作机构,推进国际货币金融体系变革。金砖银行作为首个由发展中国家主导的多边开发银行,构造了一个外汇资金池,使成员国在遭遇金融危机时维持币值稳定,有效减少成员国对其他国际金融机构的依赖。亚投行与现有的多边开发银行合作,为亚洲地区庞大的基础设施建设需求提供融资。

在贸易投资领域,中国积极维护WTO作为世界贸易多边体制的主渠道地位,推动多哈回合取得进展,同时寻求与有关贸易伙伴谈判和签署双边或区域贸易协议,推进区域全面经济伙伴关系协定(RCEP),促进贸易投资的便利化。欧盟委员会前主席巴罗佐称赞,中国参与全球治理的努力“得到了全球的欢迎”。在国际税收领域,中国在实施增长友好型的税收政策的同时,帮助发展中国家提高税收征管能力,促进包容性发展。中国不断加大对发展中国家的税收培训与技术援助,支持国际货币基金组织、经济合作与发展组织、联合国和世界银行共同成立的税收合作平台,积极参与平台建设以及其他相关工作,并与金砖国家一道相互提高税收征管能力,并向其他发展中国家给予援助。

去年中国担任G20主席国期间,将G20杭州峰会主题确定为“构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济”,致力于推动全球创新增长方式,完善经济金融治理,促进国际贸易和投资,实现包容和联动式发展,为世界经济增长注入动力。杭州峰会巩固了G20在全球经济治理中的核心地位,引领其向长效治理机制转型,可谓既治标以求眼下稳增长,又治本以谋长远添动力,被国际社会誉为促进全球经济治理的“中国药方”。即将在厦门举行的金砖国家领导人会晤,中国探索“金砖+”拓展模式,深化伙伴关系,扩大金砖“朋友圈”,致力于把金砖合作打造成当今世界最具影响力的南南合作平台,为全球经济治理贡献“金砖方案”。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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