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困扰中国多年仅次核武的第二大敏感技术,有盼头了!

2017-09-27 09:14:26   瞭望

原标题:困扰中国多年仅次于核武器的第二大军事敏感技术,终于有盼头了!

文|徐秉君瞭望智库特约军事观察员

据央视报道,近日网上曝光了新一架歼-20原型机编号2021。据军事专家傅前哨分析,新一架歼-20原型机验证的很可能是其新的国产动力装置。

对此,广大中国网民很激动——“国产隐身战机终于换装‘中国心’”、“中国战机终于治好了‘心脏病’”!

网络流传的疑似换装新型发动机的歼20验证机试飞动图

在此之前网络流传的疑似换装新型发动机后的歼20验证机尾部特写

新型飞机在研制过程中更换发动机是很司空见惯的事,美国的F-22,俄罗斯的苏-57在研制过程中也都更换了新型发动机。

那么,为什么歼-20“换心”却格外引人关注呢?

可以说,中国航空工业发展历程,是一部与“心脏病”作斗争的血泪史。放眼世界,欧美当年是如何跨过这道“门槛”的?我们能从发达国家那里获得哪些经验?今后,我们应该如何保障“中国心”强劲跳动、为中国航空提供核心驱动力呢?

1

大国才能玩的起的游戏

航空发动机是飞机的“心脏”,是航空产业和飞行器的源动力,对国防和工业体系意义巨大。

对此,日本通产省的表述非常形象:计算单位重量产品所能创造的价值,船舶为1、小汽车为9、电子计算机为300、喷气客机为800,而航空发动机所能创造的产值高达1400!

航空发动机的重要程度一目了然。

因为设计复杂、制造困难,它被誉为是“现代工皇冠顶上的明珠”。

我们来举个例子,苏27的AL-31涡扇发动机是第三代战斗机的代表型号,其最大加力推力是12.5吨,2台AL-31可推动苏27以超过2倍音速飞行。

但是,AL-31的风扇直径不到900毫米,涡轮直径不到300毫米。

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