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西媒称韩国年轻人不关心"统一"问题:怕自己吃亏

2017-08-21 11:02:48   参考消息网

核心提示:一些韩国年轻人认为,半岛统一只对两种人有利:朝鲜人和韩国精英。韩国的普通人只是在为人作嫁衣裳。

参考消息网8月21日报道 西班牙《国家报》7月6日发表该报记者哈维尔·丰特德格洛里亚的文章《韩国:统一梦破灭》称,朝鲜半岛的统一既是朝鲜的梦想,也是韩国的梦想。当前的紧张局势使得实现统一梦的可能性变得微乎其微,只能被视为一项长远任务。然而,新生代韩国人在情感上已经与朝鲜没有任何瓜葛,让这项任务的完成显得更加遥遥无期。

媒体试图通过采访来了解韩国年青一代对朝鲜半岛统一的看法。一名20岁的首尔延世大学经济系学生在接受采访时表示:“对我而言,最重要的是找到一份好工作。朝鲜并不存在于我的生活当中。我对朝鲜半岛统一不感兴趣,我们的距离太远了。”这名学生表现出来的冷漠和厌倦与调查结果十分吻合。本世纪初尚有80%的韩国人认为半岛统一“十分有必要”,如今这个比例已经下降到40%。这种情感上的疏离或许到了决定半岛能否统一的关键时刻,会让大多数韩国人选择拒绝。

朝鲜战争停火后,朝鲜半岛被三八线一分为二,但从未迎来真正的和平。一个统一民族的历史被拦腰斩断。然而,70年过去了,老一辈人已经退出历史舞台。新一代韩国人生活在一个与祖父辈和父辈截然不同的社会环境中,与朝鲜也丝毫没有感情联系。在1953年被三八线隔离开来的1000万家庭当中,如今只剩下14万。

韩国前总统金大中执政期间对朝鲜采取了温和政策,让半岛统一重现希望。在此期间双方展开了经济合作,韩朝领导人甚至实现了历史性的会晤。然而,朝鲜核计划导致半岛局势紧张,与此同时主张对朝鲜实施铁腕政策的韩国保守派政府接连上台,让短期内实现半岛统一的希望再次破灭。韩国新任总统文在寅支持重启韩朝对话,而且政府也致力于向年青一代宣传半岛统一的重要性。但目前来看,新政府的努力尚未奏效。

韩国庆南大学的一位教授在接受媒体采访时表示,年轻人对过去、对历史都不敢兴趣,也不关心能否解决朝鲜问题。除了情感疏离和政治体制差异,还有一个导致韩国年轻人不关心朝鲜问题的关键因素,那就是可能为半岛统一付出的代价。虽然由于朝鲜方面的信息不透明,通过不同方法计算出来的相关数据差异很大,但是有两点是肯定的:短期内的代价将是巨大的,而承担这个巨大代价的必然是韩国。

首尔希望借鉴两德统一的经验。然而,两德统一和半岛统一的起点相差甚远:西德当时的人均国民生产总值(GDP)是东德的1.5倍;而韩国目前的人均GDP是朝鲜的22倍。此外,西德当时的人口是东德的4倍,而韩国目前的人口是朝鲜的两倍。

为了帮助邻居而牺牲自己的利益,这让生活在一个公共支出仅占GDP10.4%(这个比例在经合组织成员国当中最低)的国家的普通人难以接受。更何况,韩国在亚洲国家当中都属于社会不公水平较高的国家。一对生活在首尔的30多岁的小夫妻表示,普通人成日都要辛苦工作,根本没有能力考虑别人的利益。在帮助朝鲜之前,韩国政府应当先解决好国内的社会问题。

专家认为,首先应当说服朝鲜政府采取开放政策,这样才能缩短韩朝之间的差距。只有加强两国之间的文化、学术和经济交流,韩国年轻人对朝鲜的兴趣才会增加,才会认为半岛统一能为自己带来实在好处。此外,终结对朝鲜的经济封锁有利于朝鲜经济复苏,从而降低韩国为了半岛统一付出的代价。朝鲜有丰富的劳动力资源,而韩国掌握着资本和高新技术。如果能够携手合作,那么经济利益将是巨大的。

然而,还是有一些韩国年轻人认为,半岛统一只对两种人有利:朝鲜人和韩国精英。韩国的普通人只是在为人作嫁衣裳。(编译/刘丽菲)

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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