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沈骑:语言能力建设是“一带一路”的基础性工作

2017-05-08 14:57:43   光明网

作者:上海外国语大学国家语言文字智库•中国外语战略研究中心教授沈骑

随着“一带一路”开放合作的“朋友圈”不断扩大,语言在推进“一带一路”互联互通、文明发展和社会进步中的作用日益凸显。作为推进“一带一路”建设不可或缺的重要元素,语言会通中外思想,超越文化藩篱,推动文明创新,是促进人文交流,实现民心相通的重要工具,是服务互联互通建设的重要支撑,是蕴含安全价值的战略资源,更是彰显国家实力的重要标志。

语言是促进“民心相通”的根本保障

“一带一路”不仅是经贸通道,也是文明互鉴之路。“国之交在于民相亲,民相亲在于心相通”。“民心相通”是“一带一路”建设的社会根基,内涵极为丰富,其实质是个语言问题。中国古人云:“言为心声”,这一表述精炼地阐明语言与思维之间的密切联系。德国学者威廉•洪堡特认为:“语言是一个民族进行思维和感知的工具,每一种语言都包含着一种独特的世界观”。民心相通的深层基础是不同语言文化的相互了解、相互交流、相互理解和相互融合。只有在此基础上,各国人民才能产生思想上的共鸣,才有可能在一些重大问题上取得宝贵的共识。语言作为人类的伟大创造,是不同文化的交流合作、互学互鉴,实现民心相通的根本保障。南非前总统纳尔逊•曼德拉曾说过:“若你用一个人能理解的语言与他交谈,可以传递至他的大脑;若你用一个人的母语与他交谈,可以传递至他的心灵。”2014年,习近平同志在德国与汉学家和孔子学院师生代表座谈时指出,“在世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、国际关系民主化的时代背景下,人与人沟通很重要,国与国合作很必要。沟通交流的重要工具就是语言。一个国家文化的魅力、一个民族的凝聚力主要通过语言表达和传递。掌握一种语言就是掌握了通往一国文化的钥匙。学会不同语言,才能了解不同文化的差异性,进而客观理性看待世界,包容友善相处”。语言教育的重要意义就在于,不同国家和地区的人民,通过掌握彼此的语言,可以获得一种观察世界的新途径和新起点,增进彼此的交流与对话。在推进“一带一路”建设的进程中,加强语言教育与语言传播,能够促进沿线国家和地区的语言互通和文化交流,进而实现“民心相通”。

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