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台湾首座“慰安妇”馆开业 希望年轻人看见历史

2016-12-22 11:09:11   

【环球时报驻台北特派记者张盼】台湾首座“慰安妇”主题纪念馆“阿嬤家——和平与女性人权馆”12月10日正式开馆。地处热门观光区台北大稻埕迪化老街,即便在工作日的午后,仍有数十人进馆参观,其中大多数是台湾大学生,也不乏日本与韩国的年轻游客。半天时间内,《环球时报》记者观察到不少人沉心细致阅读各处说明文字,有日本女生称,自己在读到台湾前“慰安妇”自述时几乎落泪,日本政府应尽快道歉并赔偿。而台湾年轻人是否了解“慰安妇”乃至日据历史,如何看待台日关系的历史和现实,《环球时报》记者试图在馆内寻找答案。

台湾“慰安妇”至少2000人

台湾“慰安妇”纪念馆所在街屋房龄近百年,分为前后两部分,上下共有三层。主要展示区通过“慰安妇”制度缘起、台湾“慰安妇”强迫征集、海外“慰安所”遭遇、幸存者生命故事、“慰安妇”维权运动等常设展,以历史文献及实物、多媒体影音等方式进行呈现,并设有中、英、日、韩四种语言的文字及志工导览。

通过观展可清楚得知,二战期间日本政府有计划、有组织地以欺骗、诱拐、强迫等手段,征集各地贫穷女子,为日军从事“性服务”的史实。据史料估计,战时日军在亚洲各地遍设慰安所,征用中、日、韩、东南亚占领地的“慰安妇”,人数可能多达30万人,其中台湾受害者至少有2000人。

台湾妇女救援基金会(以下简称妇援会)1992年起协助台湾前“慰安妇”展开对日求偿,愿意出面申诉的台湾前“慰安妇”共有58位,1999年,其中9人在妇援会陪同下前往日本,向日本政府提出诉讼,无奈2005年日本高等法院宣判败诉定案。多数台湾前“慰安妇”因高龄及病痛抱憾而终,目前仅有3位在世,平均年龄91岁。

希望年轻人对该议题“有感”

馆内丰富的史料记录着历史的伤痕,但策展人更希望观者关注生命的能量。妇援会执行长兼“阿嬤家”馆长康淑华对《环球时报》记者说,纪念馆的核心概念是“记忆历史,超越创伤,激发前行力量”。妇援会1996年起向台湾前“慰安妇”幸存者提供“身心照顾工作坊”,每年定期举办数次,十多名阿嬷一起参与心理医师谈话、瑜伽、戏剧、摄影治疗等多项团体工作坊,这段故事被收录于纪录片《芦苇之歌》,也体现在纪念馆中。阿嬷们的亲笔画作,她们晚年的圆梦计划,都在馆内一一温情呈现。

“当务之急是保存历史,从事更多的教育工作,对所有受害国家和地区来说都是这样,不能让历史随着受害者逝去和日本政府拒绝认错而被遗忘。”康淑华对《环球时报》记者说,《芦苇之歌》去年公映,观众大部分是年轻人,反响很好。希望让年轻人和阿嬷的生命故事产生联系,当年轻人对此有感情的时候,自然想去认识这段历史。为了让年轻人对这个议题有感觉,纪念馆内还装置了艺术长廊。

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