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蔡英文今日就职 媒体称台海进入不确定时期

2016-05-20 07:19:31   环球时报

台湾新“总统”蔡英文、“副总统”陈建仁今天上午宣誓就职,台海地区一段新的以不确定性为重要特征的时期正式拉开帷幕。

蔡英文将在就职演说中说些什么,媒体直到昨天晚上还在猜测,然而她就职演说的要义已经通过民进党这两个多月的种种姿态表达了出来。剩下的也许只是一点文字游戏。

蔡英文不会公开宣布承认“九二共识”和“一个中国”,这被广泛认为就是她的实际态度。但她会用一些可做多种解释的话语“软化”这一态度,让她的“维持现状说”看上去似乎成立。

这是与陈水扁不同的策略。陈试图推动“法理台独”,直接冲击“一个中国”底线。民进党接下来被普遍推测为会搞“柔性台独”,奉行避开大陆锋芒的迂回战术。大多数的看法是,民进党的执政将导致“台独”主张在台湾社会进一步扩散,并实际拉动台湾在政治上进一步远离中国大陆。

大陆方面面临抉择。一是将蔡英文的所谓“维持现状”看成是民进党的“进步”,一旦台湾新当局在不公开搞“法理台独”的情况下不断对“一中”玩“切香肠”,也予以容忍。据分析,民进党就是想制造“岛内认同,美国接受,大陆忍受”模式。如果大陆接受这一做法,意味着我们放低了台海地区和平的条件,那样的话和平将更容易实现,但从此不承认“一中”将从民进党的主张变成整个台湾的正式态度。

二是大陆从此将两岸关系的重点调整为对民进党当局施压,从政治、经济乃至军事各个角度一步一步地增加“柔性台独”的成本。不仅两岸机制性交流需降格、收紧,两岸经济交流也应停止对台方的政策性优惠,符合大陆利益的才做,需要割让大陆利益补贴台湾利益的事情坚决不做。此外要加大针对台海地区意外事态的准备,这是大陆掌握台海主动权的根。

后一选择肯定比前一选择要吃力些,台湾当局可能会采取与美日加强全面合作的更激进行动,给大陆增加战略上的额外压力。台海也可能因为民进党折腾出现间歇性紧张。

一个问题是,大陆同比陈水扁当局“温和”,但从国民党“一中各表”立场做了关键性后退的蔡英文当局做斗争值得吗?它会有什么实际收效吗?

回看陈水扁时期,大陆全面打击“台独”,我们制定了《反分裂国家法》,台海当时一度被认为“靠近战争边缘”。那段时间两岸关系的高度紧张促成了台湾社会对和平与稳定的珍惜,铺垫了马英九时期两岸关系的大步前进。应当说,今天蔡英文比陈水扁“温和”,也是那8年大陆与“台独”不妥协斗争的结果。

马英九执政后期的种种失利导致民进党重新崛起,对于台海和平应当以及可能通过什么方式来实现,马英九是不是做过了,蔡英文的主张是否现实,台湾社会都在观察中。大陆方面怎么做,将很大程度上塑造台湾社会的认识。

陈水扁那8年,大陆的斗争使“法理台独”走不通这个道理在台湾社会得以确立,然而“柔性台独有可能走通”,一些人还存有这样的幻想。要将“台独”议题从台湾主流政坛驱赶出去,使“维持现状”以“一个中国”为基点,而不是以“急独”为基点,新一轮的较量恐怕很难避免。

民进党重新执政并以当前的态度对待“九二共识”,成为导致两岸关系逆转的关键变量,大陆如果放纵之,意味着我们这些年的努力有可能付诸东流。由于战略主动权牢牢掌握在大陆手里,我们须不急不躁,从容应对。在打掉民进党“柔性台独”幻想的同时,控制台海紧张的烈度,让“台独”因失去岛内民心而走向退潮,将最符合中华民族的利益。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030、翟明 CN040
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