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俄媒:日本仍是“美国不沉航母” 谋“自主”无胜算

2018-05-29 10:26:09   参考消息

原标题:俄媒文章:日本仍是“美国的不沉航母”谋求“自主”无胜算

参考消息网5月28日报道 俄罗斯《观点报》网站5月23日刊载题为《为何日本无法脱离美国的监护》的文章称,日本前首相、普京的老朋友森喜朗曾经发问:“日本被核国家包围。如果它们想要动用核武器,能否等待俄罗斯出手相救?”的确,许多日本人即便不同意向俄“求救”,也不反对与昔日敌人握手言和。这其中一个原因是根基深厚的亲美院外集团。许多日本政客也看不到除日美同盟外的其他选项。

被迫“追随”美国?

文章称,日本政治家森喜朗22日表示,日本被迫“追随”美国。他于2000年至2001年短暂担任日本首相,但至今仍是政坛重量级人物。

文章称,考虑到森喜朗自任首相以来一直与普京交好,他的这句话就显得更加重要。森喜朗多次会见俄总统,充当后者与现任首相安倍晋三接触以及莫斯科与东京关系的中间人。去年在叶卡捷琳堡与普京的一次会面中,森喜朗表达了现在他再次引用的观点。

文章认为,为何森喜朗决定现在提醒日本只是被迫追随美国?不知是否出于巧合,俄日同时在22日通知世贸组织对美国发起的“贸易战”实施报复措施。此外,5月25日至26日安倍将访问俄罗斯。

文章称,日本在上世纪80年代被中曾根康弘称为“美国的不沉航母”。如今,它显然试图摆脱美国的严厉监护。尽管存在北方领土(俄称南千岛群岛)问题,日本近年来在对俄关系中的表现俨然是美国附庸国中最“独立”的国家。

俄美对抗桥头堡

文章称,不过,应清醒对待日本从华盛顿转向莫斯科这件事。俄科学院远东研究所日本研究中心主任瓦列里·基斯塔诺夫表示:“森喜朗以各种不寻常的言论著称。”

文章称,日本社会对俄罗斯的看法更多是负面的。民调显示,对俄罗斯有好感的日本人不超过17%,80%的人持否定态度。对美国的观感则截然相反——近85%的日本人青睐过去的对手,只有13.5%的人表示反感。虽然日本统治集团不把俄当成威胁,但冷战的惯性很难扭转。

文章认为,日本仍是俄美对抗的桥头堡。

谋求“自主”无胜算

文章援引莫斯科国际关系学院教授、俄前驻日大使亚历山大·帕诺夫的话说:“日本过去和现在都谋求摆脱美国过于强有力的监护。就连日美军政同盟学说的创立者都认为,在羽翼丰满之后,日本脱离美国监护的时候将会到来。但目前由于种种原因,这尚未发生。其中一个原因是根基深厚的亲美院外集团。许多日本政客看不到除日美同盟外的其他选项。主张日本表现出更大自主性的人中包括前首相鸠山由纪夫,但其命运相当悲惨。”

文章称,基斯塔诺夫指出:“鸠山由纪夫即便不是亲俄政治家,也对俄奉行积极政策,是其祖父的继承者。能说明问题的是,卸任首相鸠山成为2014年后访问克里米亚的首位该级别外国政治家。他还呼吁现首相安倍调整与莫斯科的关系,取消制裁。2009年执政后,鸠山提出必须疏远美国,向中俄靠拢,还认为美军基地应撤出冲绳乃至日本。结果呢?他在首相位置上只待了不到一年。”

文章称,森喜朗也只当了一年首相。失去冲绳显然不符合美国利益。那里集中了75%的驻日美军基地。

文章称,可否说日本自主的支持者毫无胜算?专家认为,那些试图硬碰硬的人没机会。帕诺夫表示:“因此,安倍采取了截然不同的做法。一方面,他展现对与美国同盟的绝对忠实,另一方面,在一系列重大领域施行独立方针。现在,他与特朗普的关系十分不错。后者不反对安倍加强对俄关系的决定。同时,美国显然不打算让日本脱离监管,担心‘独立’的日本将开始发展进攻性武器。”

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