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“秋田犬外交”难奏效 安倍第21次见普京无功而返

2018-05-29 10:12:14   参考消息

原标题:“秋田犬外交”难奏效安倍第21次见普京无功而返

参考消息网5月29日报道 日本首相安倍晋三5月26日与俄罗斯总统普京在克里姆林宫举行首脑会谈。外媒报道称,安倍此行目的在于推动北方四岛(俄称南千岛群岛)共同经济活动,以期在领土问题上取得进展,推动日俄和平条约的签订。在之后的记者会上,安倍强调“如果日俄合作,将给双方带来巨大利益”,但日本媒体却纷纷批评此次会谈“成果匮乏”,更有网友留言称“北方领土完全没有返还的迹象,对俄罗斯的经济合作也取得不了成果。安倍总理得意的外交更像是海外旅行,请别这么浪费我们的税款。”

“秋田犬外交”难奏效

此次访俄前,安倍接受记者采访时再次表明希望与俄完成战后问题处理的强烈意愿。相反,俄方的表态则完全不同。俄罗斯总统助理乌沙科夫在23日表示,首脑会谈将讨论包括北方四岛(南千岛群岛)问题在内的和平条约缔结问题,并说“将来的文件必须要基于战后的现实”。舆论指,这实际是在向日本表明俄罗斯签订和平条约的强硬立场并未改变,日本必须接受第二次世界大战的结果,即北方领土已经由俄罗斯占领这一既成事实。

一个为人所熟知的事实是,安倍经常把狗作为外交礼物。据日本共同社网站5月27日报道,日本“秋田犬保存会”于5月26日向平昌冬奥会女子花滑金牌得主、俄罗斯选手阿丽娜·扎吉托娃赠送了一只秋田犬幼崽,安倍晋三也出席了这一仪式。这已经不是日方第一次赠送秋田犬给俄方了。日本秋田县政府于2012年赠送普京一条3个月大的雌性秋田犬。2016年普京访日期间,日本又想赠送普京一只雄性秋田犬,被俄方拒绝。

秋田犬是日本的“国宝”,被日本政府认定为国家级“天然纪念物”,后更因电影《忠犬八公》而闻名世界。安倍政府频频赠犬,显然是希望通过这种“秋田犬外交”拉近与普京的关系,向俄方示好。然而,普京除了不时展示与爱犬的合照,并未在北方四岛、日俄和平条约签订上进行任何实质性让步。日本网友也抱怨称“一个劲儿地让俄罗斯人迁居到岛上,建设街道,部署雷达,怎么可能返还北方领土啊。”

中国现代国际关系研究院日本所副所长樊小菊接受参考消息网采访时分析称,过去,日本在与俄罗斯的会谈中,一直要求先解决领土问题,再讨论经济合作问题。现在,安倍政府在还没有解决领土问题的情况下,已经不断推进在北方四岛的共同经济活动了,这本身就是一种妥协。如果俄罗斯当前的强硬立场不变,日本想要解决领土问题,未来可能需要在主权上让步。

不仅如此,双方在经济合作上也存在很大分歧。双方在北方领土适用法律问题上,也存在不同见解。据日本《朝日新闻》网站5月27日报道,日本的方案是,将北方四岛作为“特区”,引入不同于日俄双方法律的“特别制度”,这样便可不损害日本的法律立场。然而俄罗斯则始终坚持四岛适用俄罗斯的法律。日媒因此感叹日俄在北方四岛问题上的讨论是“平行线”。

樊小菊指出,日本政府虽然积极推进日俄共同经济活动,但由于缺少经济利益驱动、商业环境不佳,日本企业在实际投入阶段表现并不积极。日俄想通过经济合作推动解决领土问题并不容易。

外交秀难平安倍“内患”

据外媒统计,此次出访已经是安倍晋三第二次执政以来的第6次访俄了,也是安倍这5年来第21次与普京进行会谈。尽管上台伊始便表现出对俄友好的积极姿态,安倍鲜少得到普京的回应。普京只在2016年底匆匆访日,并迟到近3个小时。而据外媒报道,此次会谈普京再次迟到近48分钟。日俄之间的互动暴露了双方在改善日俄关系上存在“温差”。

安倍此次访俄,一反过去高调宣传的常态,日本各大媒体在事前鲜有报道。外界猜测,一方面可能是官邸本身对此次访俄不抱希望,有意低调。另一方面,也体现了媒体对此次会谈并不看好,仍然关注国内丑闻。目前,“森有学园”、“加计学园”丑闻持续发酵。日本TBS新闻网站25日刊文质疑道:“安倍能否借由自己擅长的外交回复国内支持率呢?被‘森友学园’、‘加计学园’问题拖后腿,安倍如同一边在意着内政问题,一边出游。”

樊小菊称,安倍惯用外交提升国内支持率,过去也常常奏效。然而,现在日俄关系并没有新的突破,安倍难以获得外交上的加分。樊小菊进一步指出,反过来,由于国内支持率也牵制着安倍的对俄外交,当前丑闻不断的安倍,难以在日俄关系上作出更大胆的决策,这也是日俄会谈没有成果的原因之一。(完)

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