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恐袭猖獗,曼彻斯特不该有下一个

2017-05-24 14:29:00   环球时报

北京时间昨天清晨,英国著名的曼彻斯特竞技场发生爆炸,英国警方公布,目前已确认22人遇难,59人受伤,死者中包括儿童。由于爆炸发生时,那里正在开当红歌手爱莉安娜·格兰德的演唱会,人员十分密集,死亡人数可能进一步上升。

英国首相特雷莎·梅已经将曼彻斯特爆炸称作是一次“可怕的恐怖袭击”,恐怖组织“伊斯兰国”在社交媒体上声称对此次爆炸事件负责。这是英国2005年伦敦连环爆炸以来的最严重恐袭,在整个欧洲也足以登上重大伤亡恐袭的榜单。

对观看演唱会的公众实施杀戮,这样的恐怖主义行径令人发指。从火车站和地铁,到体育场和集市,欧洲最有人气的地方不断上演邪恶的复仇及泄愤,欧洲人的生活方式链被缠上阴影。

英国去年公投脱欧,主要动因之一就是想通过减少移民的进入来降低发生恐袭的风险。然而与欧洲的切割并没有带来安全,曼彻斯特爆炸案的血腥对边界管控努力像是一种嘲笑。

英国的安保能力在欧洲名列前茅,那个国家常被看成是世界最安全的地方之一。然而最新爆炸案告诉人们,尽管发生意外的危险常常被夸大,但是这个世界上谁也不能夸这样的海口了:我们这里最安全。

我们总体上处在恐怖主义非常猖獗、人类社会治理拿它基本没什么好办法的时期。自由带来了享受,隐私权受到珍视,技术的发展也让普通人变得更有力量,但这一切同时为恐怖主义扩散创造了条件。

人类不能往回走,但我们现在的样子就像是对恐怖主义“不设防”,那些消耗了大量人力和财力的安检措施,一方面有用,一方面也有一点“防君子不防小人”,它们由于纰漏太多,很多时候成为不了专业恐怖分子的对手。

全世界的恐怖分子显然在相互学习,也在彼此刺激、鼓舞。当各种仇恨仍在源源不断产生出来的时候,极端主义把其中一些仇恨引向恐怖主义式的杀戮。以政治仇恨为基础的传统恐怖主义正与报复社会的“独狼”式恐怖主义逐渐模糊界限,至少在发动袭击的形式上越来越像。经互联网时代的信息放大,恐怖主义潜移默化地壮大了声势。

人类打击恐怖主义的任务非常重,在未来很长时间里,对付恐怖主义很可能是人类社会的实际最大挑战。其他挑战或许理论上更严重,但反恐会更普遍和紧迫,它所耗费的成本也将更高。

遗憾的是,在打击恐怖主义的问题上,国际社会总的来看仍在各行其是。气候问题在尚存争议的情况下能够开成国际大会,而反恐如此确凿的使命却还没有一个全人类的论坛给予支持。在对恐怖主义的定性上还存在不少争议,更不要说国际反恐合作走向机制化了。实际上,一些国家的政府仍在看轻恐怖主义对国家安全的危害,它们的大部分注意力仍停留在地缘政治上。

人类有可能处在抑制住恐怖主义和承受其大规模扩散的十字路口。整个世界,尤其是各国政府需要动员起来,不仅头痛医头脚痛医脚地对付国内恐怖主义案例,还要把有力量的国家连结起来,打造一个强有力的人类反恐共同体。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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