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“一带一路”,质疑正被涌动的热情吞没

2017-05-12 13:28:50   环球时报

一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛本月14-15日将在北京举行,论坛筹委会11日发布的消息显示,至少有29个国家的元首和政府首脑将前来与会。另外有来自130多个国家的代表、70多个国际组织的领导人确认出席论坛,联合国秘书长、世界银行行长、国际货币基金组织总裁将应邀出席圆桌峰会。首次“一带一路”高峰论坛便形成如此大的与会阵容,由中国发起的这一倡议本身具有的强大吸引力起了决定性作用。

与“一带一路”高峰论坛的盛大声势比起来,国际舆论中的一些主笔似乎还没有跟上趟,他们的最大问题是深受地缘政治思维影响,一时还摆脱不了把“一带一路”看成中国“地缘政治战略”的先入为主,所以他们看到的东西就是走样的。

如果深信中国在借助“一带一路”倡议搞地缘政治扩张,那么围绕“一带一路”的任何规划都会被看成是北京攫取中国战略空间的贪婪,再按照旧时代的逻辑往下分析,那么中国的资金显然支持不了建立庞大帝国影响圈的雄心,所有中国企业看似与“一带一路”有关的对外投资都像是蹩脚的“政治效忠”游戏。然而真实情形并非如此。

世界互联互通是大趋势,与一个国家内部市场以及少数成功共同体合作的紧密程度比起来,人们很容易发现国际间的联系与合作才有很大待开发的空间,而它们很可能就是下一轮经济增长的机会。北京倡导“一带一路”,对应了很多国家经济增长的愿望,激活了许多国家与外部力量和市场构筑发展共同体的更多思考。对它们来说,“一带一路”是加法,几乎不存在搞出严重损失的风险。

中国也不会做为政治目的去世界上到处撒钱的冤大头,中国有大量富余的基础设施建设产能,“一带一路”将引导它们更加有序地走向世界,在市场的原则下构建中外企业共同发展的利益关系。

“一带一路”不是“马歇尔计划”那样以政治为目的的单向援助,它强调的是共商、共建、共享。每一个参与者都是平等的主体,这当中既不会产生霸权和政治依附,也非一方出钱主导、其他方花钱跟随的旧经济关系。“一带一路”作为新时代的产物,注定会产生很多新的探索。

应当说,全球化和国际民主的发展为“一带一路”的出现做了许多铺垫,每个国家参与全球经济发展的方式和机会都增加了,将自己融入到全球发展潮流中的意愿也更加强烈,谁都不希望自己是边缘的,而更愿意自己成为分享枢纽权利的一员。

加强基础设施建设和与他国互联互通的能力对所有国家都至关重要,世界上的这种需求是无穷无尽的,“一带一路”所营造的积极和平等氛围将有利于调动各国的优势资源,形成发展的滚雪球效应,最终创造新增利益的共享。

可能是因为中国本身就很大,历史也很悠久,中国人喜欢走一步往前看几步,有比较强的愿景规划意识。“一带一路”提出以来,迅速被来自不同方向的响应和智慧不断充实,形成越来越有指导性、给人以信心的大轮廓。到有些比较典型的“一带一路”沿线国家去看看,就会发现很多力量已经行动起来。人们瞄准了“一带一路”倡议,同时又不拘一格,与那些吹冷风的夸夸其谈比起来,一些具体行动就像是正在走出万重山的轻舟。

围绕“一带一路”倡议很可能会形成21世纪最大规模的基础设施建设热潮,并将产生历史影响。现在仍存一些质疑和非议,应当说也很正常,未来回头看时,它们也是增加色彩感的某些点缀。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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