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阻止朝鲜新核试,中美一刻不能松懈

2017-05-03 13:42:21   环球时报

美国总统特朗普1日接受媒体采访时表示,“如果与他(朝鲜领导人金正恩)会面是一件可行的事,我肯定会这么做,并且会感到荣幸,但前提是情况要允许。”他的这一最新表态在美激起轩然大波,白宫发言人斯派塞随后解释说,“情况允许”首先是指朝鲜“立即停止挑衅性行为”,他进一步强调,从目前的情况看,不存在美朝领导人会面的可能性。

特朗普表达了从美国角度看一时恐难实现的愿景,但他能这样说话,对缓和半岛紧张总归不是坏事。美国一方面军事施压,一方面探讨美朝举行峰会的可能性,这至少比华盛顿仅仅向平壤挥舞大棒要好一些。

当前半岛局势高度紧张,也相当混乱。各方的表态都不少,美朝的表态尤其多,但它们显得真真假假的,比如美方的底线究竟在哪里,外界并非看得很清楚。有可能是朝鲜不能拥有可以打到美国本土的洲际弹道导弹吧,朝鲜越接近获得那一技术,美国对朝军事摊牌的决心将越真实。

中国的底线应当更加清楚些,那就是朝鲜核活动决不能污染中国东北。由于丰溪里核试验场距中朝边境最近处只有70多公里,朝鲜对核爆的控制能力又是有限的,朝方每搞一次当量更大的核试验,污染中国东北的危险就增加一分,所以中国通过制裁朝鲜阻止其开展新核试验的决心是坚定不移的。

鉴于朝鲜核武器与导弹最终将会合二为一,反对朝鲜发展核导技术实则成为中美的共同关注。但是美国毕竟离朝鲜半岛很远,不少中国人担心华盛顿在把朝核问题搞成一个推中国往里跳的陷阱,他们对美国阴谋的警惕要高于对朝鲜发展核导技术的担心。

不能排除美国解决朝核问题有一石两鸟的意图,部分国人的担忧有其道理。然而与美国对中国搞“地缘政治包围”的潜在危害比起来,朝鲜核试污染中国东北的现实危险显然更加紧迫。尽最大努力促平壤停止核试验,也因此应当成为中国在半岛问题上压倒其他考量的首要目标。

70多公里的距离是什么概念?它大致相当于学者们在北京通州的一个会议室里讨论半岛地缘政治时,朝鲜的核试验就在八达岭一带进行。这是一个完全容不得心存侥幸的距离。我们不妨想想看,随着朝鲜核试验当量的不断扩大,万一核试出现重大泄漏,污染物扩散到中国东北,那将形成多么强烈的社会震动!

可以肯定的是,一旦那样的意外发生,几乎没有什么地缘政治震荡所产生的冲击可以与之相比。那一幕没有出现时,我们没必要制造社会恐慌,但是对那种风险的防范一刻也不能松懈。中国的半岛政策应当以排除那一风险为中心,我们的各种预案需要十分扎实、缜密。

无论北京与华盛顿有多少分歧,双方围绕阻止朝鲜开展新的危险核导活动的合作都至关重要。双方都不应在这当中算小账,把过多心思用在防止被对方占了便宜、钻了空子上。只要有利于迫使朝鲜停止核导试验和促使谈判重启的事情,双方都应当做。美国除了施压,尤其要迈出向朝鲜提供安全保证的关键步子。

朝核问题是未来一段时间里中国面临的最大挑战之一,它严重危害中国安全利益,而解决它的钥匙又不在北京的手里。中国不管不行,管太猛了或管得不对又会更对自己不利。它将检阅中国的实力,考验我们的智慧和魄力。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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