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马英九视察太平岛发表谈话 阐述登岛四重目的

2016-01-28 13:30:58   环球时报

马英九专机于凌晨起飞。

[环球网报道记者徐亦超]台湾地区领导人马英九28日上午乘搭专机前往南沙太平岛视察,针对目前南海的复杂局势,马英九发表谈话时表示,太平岛绝非岩礁,而是岛屿;国际社会上有人质疑,可能因他们从未到太平岛实地了解,欢迎他们到太平岛了解事实真相。

据台湾“中央社”1月28日报道,马英九28日上午率相关部会官员及学者前往太平岛,阐述他此次登岛的四个目的,包括在春节到来之前慰问驻岛人员、发表“南海和平倡议”路径图、说明推动太平岛和平用途、澄清太平岛法律地位。

而有关太平岛国际法地位,马英九表示,太平岛有足以“维持人类居住及其本身经济生活”,绝非岩礁,而是岛屿,完全符合“联合国海洋法公约”(UNCLOS)第121条的“岛屿”定义,因而除“领海”之外,有权提出专属经济区与大陆礁层主张。

马英九表示,台湾当局在太平岛长期驻有人员经营及守备,更是“中华民国”在太平岛及周边行使“主权”的明证。国际间有人质疑,可能因他们从未到太平岛实地了解,欢迎他们到太平岛了解事实真相。

而马英九的谈话也提及实践“南海和平倡议”的路径图,首先是“三要三不要”的架构,并以“一条可行途径,两项必要说明,三个推动进程”说明路径图的具体内涵。

其中的“三要三不要”架构分别为“要合作,不要冲突”:建立各项有助南海和平繁荣的合作及开发机制,将“主权争议”留待日后透过和平方式解决;“要共享,不要独占”:合作及开发机制应让所有区域内各当事方平等参与,共享资源,以免损及任何一方的权益,以及“要务实,不要僵持”:先从对各当事方都有利且容易形成共识的面向著手,务实渐进推动各项合作,以免各方因坚持己见而错失合作契机。

至于马英九提出所谓的“一条可行途径”,是指“搁置争议、整体规划、分区开发”。而“两项必要说明”则是区域内各当事方都须纳入协商机制,共同为南海整体规划进行合作协商,以及这个合作协商机制是一个具实用性质的临时安排,不会损害各当事方的主张或阻碍未来在南海地区达成最终协议。

而有关台方制定的近程、中程到远程的三阶段推动进程,马英九强调,在近程方面,必须共同“搁置争议”,各方应尽速展开多边对话协商,达成搁置“主权争议”的共识,也应承诺依据“联合国宪章”与“联合国海洋法公约”以及相关国际法的原则与精神,以和平协商代替武力对抗,避免采取任何影响南海安定与和平的行动,保证航行及飞越自由与安全。在累积足够互信后,各方另应协商制定南海地区海、空意外相遇规则及相互设立热线等安全机制。

在中程阶段,则要推动“整体规划”:各当事方应依据相关国际法的原则与精神,共同建立合作机制,进行包括“生物资源的养护与管理”、“非生物资源的探勘与开发”、“海洋环境保护与科学研究”、“海上犯罪的防制”、“人道援助与灾害救援”等重要议题的协调与合作。

在远程阶段,马英九期待可以实现“分区开发”:在整体规划的架构下,建立分区开发机制。各方可经由双边或多边的合作,划设暂定合作及开发海域,建立共同管理监督机制,以进行分区、分阶段的合作及开发,达到平等互惠的双赢成果。

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