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无创DNA产前筛查火爆 专家提醒不能代替传统产检

2018-01-04 18:37:36   中国新闻网

新华社长沙1月3日电(记者帅才)二孩政策放开后,随着高龄孕妇越来越多,无创DNA产前筛查日益火爆。专家指出,无创DNA产前筛查属于检查,而羊水穿刺是诊断,两者有本质的区别,前者无法代替后者。

湖南省郴州市第一人民医院中心医院副院长、产科专家雷冬竹介绍,二孩政策落地以来,不少准备生育二胎的女性都步入了高龄产妇的行列,这不仅增加了准妈妈自身的风险,也会增加生育缺陷儿的风险。以唐氏综合征为代表的染色体异常是一类常见的出生缺陷,目前预防这类出生缺陷最好的办法是在怀孕期间按时接受各项产前检查,包括传统的唐氏筛查和无创DNA产前筛查等。

记者了解到,无创DNA产前筛查,即在孕妇特定孕周期间抽取其3至5毫升的外周静脉血,利用新一代DNA测序技术对血浆中的游离DNA片段进行测序,判断出胎儿发生相关染色体疾病的风险。

浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院主任医师董旻岳提醒,无创DNA筛查技术目前只能较准确地筛查出21、18和13三对染色体的数目异常,而传统的羊水穿刺检测可以全面检查胎儿的23对染色体和它的结构异常。应做羊水穿刺诊断的高风险孕妇必须严格做羊水穿刺,不能以进行无创DNA产前筛查代替。

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