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住建部:完善生活垃圾收费 逐步实现差别化收取

2018-01-04 18:37:29   中国新闻网

资料图:市民排队参与“丢垃圾”游戏。钟欣 摄

中新网1月3日电 据住建部网站消息,住建部近日印发关于加快推进部分重点城市生活垃圾分类工作的通知。通知提出,多渠道筹措资金,在加大对生活垃圾分类体系投入的同时,建立生活垃圾跨界转移补偿机制,完善生活垃圾收费政策,逐步建立差别化的收费制度,实现按量收费。2035年前,46个重点城市全面建立城市生活垃圾分类制度,垃圾分类达到国际先进水平。

通知提到,《国务院办公厅关于转发国家发展改革委住房城乡建设部生活垃圾分类制度实施方案的通知》确定北京、天津、上海等46个重点城市先行实施生活垃圾分类。2018年3月底前,46个重点城市要出台生活垃圾分类管理实施方案或行动计划,明确年度工作目标,细化工作内容,量化工作任务。从党政机关、军队单位、医院、学校等率先做起,把生活垃圾分类工作扩大到所有公共机构和相关企业。

通知要求,2018年,46个重点城市均要形成若干垃圾分类示范片区,探索建立宣传发动、收运配套、设施建设等方面的工作机制。以街道为单位,开展生活垃圾分类示范片区建设,实现“三个全覆盖”,即生活垃圾分类管理主体责任全覆盖,生活垃圾分类类别全覆盖,生活垃圾分类投放、收集、运输、处理系统全覆盖。以分类示范片区为基础,及时总结经验,以点带面,逐步将生活垃圾分类好的做法和模式扩大至全区、全市范围。制定完善示范片区验收标准,加强日常检查考核,确保取得实效。

通知要求,2020年底前,46个重点城市基本建成生活垃圾分类处理系统,基本形成相应的法律法规和标准体系,形成一批可复制、可推广的模式。在进入焚烧和填埋设施之前,可回收物和易腐垃圾的回收利用率合计达到35%以上。2035年前,46个重点城市全面建立城市生活垃圾分类制度,垃圾分类达到国际先进水平。

通知要求加快推进生活垃圾分类处理系统建设。一是规范生活垃圾分类投放。设立有害垃圾固定回收点或设置专门容器,独立储存。在单位食堂和餐饮单位设置专门容器用于投放餐厨垃圾。以“干湿分开”为重点,引导居民将滤出水分后的厨余垃圾分类投放。

二是规范生活垃圾分类收集。建立健全生活垃圾分类收集责任制,落实属地责任,加强对生活垃圾分类收集责任人的日常监管。规范收集责任人与被服务单位服务合同,明确生活垃圾分类收集要求。对于机关企事业单位,要加强分类收集培训,加大考核力度。有条件的城市可采用定时分类收集方式,逐步减少固定垃圾桶,推广垃圾不落地模式。

三是加快配套分类运输系统。要建立与生活垃圾分类相衔接的收运网络,提高有害垃圾运输能力,推广“车载桶装”、直运等密闭、高效的厨余垃圾运输系统。规范生活垃圾分类运输许可,专车专用,明确车辆涂装要求,统一车辆标识,便于社会监督。引导环卫专业运输单位向小区延伸,逐步替代小、散、差的运输队伍。

四是加快建设分类处理设施。编制实施生活垃圾分类处理设施建设规划,加快以焚烧为主的垃圾处理设施建设。现有处理设施不达标的,要尽快实施提升改造。探索总结厨余垃圾处理模式,统筹填埋、焚烧等处理技术,加快相应设施建设。加快再生资源回收利用体系建设,推动再生资源规范化、专业化处理和利用。加快危险废物处理设施建设,确保分类后的有害垃圾得到安全处置。鼓励生活垃圾处理产业园区建设,统筹各类垃圾处理。

通知要求,各省(自治区)住房城乡建设厅要加强对重点城市生活垃圾分类工作的督导,落实地方主体责任,把生活垃圾分类工作持续推向深入。要结合实际制定生活垃圾分类的法规和标准,向国际先进水平看齐,落实相关责任,实现对生活垃圾分类投放、收集、运输、管理的全过程管控,发动社会力量参与监督。

通知要求,全面推进生活垃圾分类进幼儿园、中小学校,充分运用互联网技术和信息化手段,结合实际创造性推动工作,提高生活垃圾分类效果和质量。要创新政府和市场合作模式,鼓励社会资本参与生活垃圾分类收集、运输、处理各环节,统筹前后端,实行一体化经营。多渠道筹措资金,在加大对生活垃圾分类体系投入的同时,建立生活垃圾跨界转移补偿机制,完善生活垃圾收费政策,逐步建立差别化的收费制度,实现按量收费。

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