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员工持股改革再掀风潮 国企创新驱动效应将加速爆发

2018-01-04 18:30:51   中国新闻网

国企创新驱动效应将加速爆发

“慧眼”卫星遨游太空,C919大型客机飞上蓝天,量子计算机研制成功,首艘国产航母下水,港珠澳大桥主体工程全线贯通……这一系列具有世界先进水平的创新成果,标志着以国有企业为代表的中国企业开始从跟随追赶到主动引领,越来越多的“中国制造”、“中国标准”、“中国品牌”走上世界舞台中央。

资料图:第二架C919大型客机在上海浦东国际机场完成首次飞行。 中新社记者 殷立勤 摄

这种创新驱动效应将持续爆发。《经济参考报》记者获悉,国资委提出2018年要全力推动创新驱动发展,强化自主创新,完善体制机制,加强协同创新,在建设创新型国家中发挥关键作用。其中备受关注的是,从中央到地方、从政府到企业的基金战队正谋划扩容,同时随着混改进程的再提速,作为重要内容之一的员工持股改革也将再掀风潮。

国务院国资委副主任徐福顺提供的一组数据显示,近年来中央企业共建设双创平台970个,其中互联网双创平台121个,实体孵化器187个,科技产业园区84个,各类创新创业活动578项,成立各类创新发展基金两百余只,拥有国家双创示范基地13个,依靠双创工作,带动全社会就业超过600万,促进一批中小企业发展。

其中,2017年上半年,标志着央企创新发展基金顶层设计的“协同创新”4只基金已全部创立,首期规模超过1500亿元,基金总规模达4300亿元,涉及国民经济的各个重要领域。“引导基金的更大作用在于,通过国资委出资、央企牵头的形式引导更多社会资本参与,最终有利于产业结构的调整。”中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦说。

在地方和企业层面,促进创新的产业基金也可谓多点开花。例如中国航天科工集团设立了自主创新基金,支持各类有独到之处的技术创新概念先导性研究。2017年12月,由安徽省投资集团组建的量子科学产业发展基金正式启动运营,计划总规模100亿元,前后分两部分设立,主要投资但不限于量子通信、量子计算、量子测量等量子科学领域有关企业和上下游企业,以及其他前沿技术企业。

徐福顺透露,未来将打造一个基金系,即中央企业创新发展基金系,强化技术与资本结合。国资委正在积极加强与科技部战略合作,研究设立中央企业科技成果转化基金,与国家发改委共同研究创业投资有关政策,推动国家新兴产业创投基金的发展。

国企创新力的迸发,还有赖于一系列的激励机制改革,混改和员工持股的探索便是其中之一。“我们员工持股的比例达到了20%。”西安瑞特三维科技有限公司副总经理尹恩怀告诉《经济参考报》记者,作为一家高新技术企业,公司实行了混合所有制,通过探索市场化配置资源和创新驱动发展的新模式,发挥产业培育平台功能。

在非科技型企业,员工持股也被作为推动体制机制创新促进效益的重要举措。2017年“混改第一单”落地东方航空旗下的东航物流。引起业界注意的是,东航物流将本次增资扩股后注册资本的10%用于员工持股,占股比例之高在此前的国企改革员工持股试点中为首例。

“由于东航物流本身股本高达41亿元,规定的单个员工持股上限1%,实际上金额有4100万元之多。对目前125名持股的员工而言,都是要拿出真金白银来的,持了股,就相当于背上身家在打拼,必须奋勇直前。”东航物流总经理李九鹏在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示。

数据显示,中央企业中已开展混合所有制改革的企业户数占比68.9%,10户开展员工持股试点的中央企业子企业已完成员工出资入股和工商登记;21个省(市)126户企业开展了员工持股试点。

国务院国资委主任肖亚庆指出,体制机制创新是实现创新发展的关键。下一步要不断完善有利于创新的制度措施,加大中长期激励力度,激发企业创新的内生动力和科研人员的创新活力。

2018年国企改革将进入全面施工期,混改进程再提速,尤其是地方将“唱大戏”,探索员工持股是重要内容。国务院国资委研究中心研究员胡迟曾表示,“员工持股是接下来国企改革的重头戏,从政策力度来看,地方实施员工持股的力度已经超过中央、国资委的文件。”

有消息显示,备受关注的联通员工持股启动在即,持股人员的大名单正处于层层筛选的前期阶段。山西焦煤也出台了推进混合所有制改革的实施意见,探索引导集团各二级公司推进混合所有制改革,积极鼓励在二级以下公司有序推进混合所有制改革,其中包括探索实行混合所有制企业员工持股。

山东国资委主任张斌表示,2018年将积极稳妥推进混合所有制改革,制定省属企业混改指南。健全完善多层次激励机制,制定契约化高管人员薪酬管理指导意见、省管企业上市公司奖励基金激励办法、上市公司股权激励操作指引及工资总额预算管理办法,推动符合条件的省管企业建立实施企业年金制度。

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