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全国碳交易市场启动进入倒计时 助推经济“去产能”

2017-12-16 11:20:54   中国经济网

林伯强

■本报见习记者 孟 珂

在全国碳交易市场启动进入倒计时的背景下,《证券日报》记者就相关问题专访了厦门大学中国能源政策研究院院长林伯强。

《证券日报》记者:为什么要启动全国碳交易市场?

林伯强:目前我国已经在北京、重庆、上海、天津四个直辖市,广东、湖北两省以及深圳特区陆续启动了碳排放权交易试点,在地方的进行碳交易试点探索和积累经验有利于全国建立统一的碳交易市场。根据试点经验可以得出,碳交易市场的建立是解决二氧化碳排放市场化手段的重要环节,也是最有效的办法。并且,业内人士广泛呼吁要设立碳价,因此启动全国碳交易市场是十分有必要的。

《证券日报》记者:碳交易市场的启动会涉及哪些行业?受益方是谁?

林伯强:碳交易是我国在2017年提出的重要国家战略之一。随着全国统一碳市场的启动,必然会对整个碳交易的相关产业平台有直接地促进作用。由于碳交易的主要目的是促进企业减少排放,因此在碳交易市场中最大的受益方将是低排放、相对清洁的企业,以及通过技术进步进行节能减排的高能源载体企业。

《证券日报》记者:您预计碳交易市场在具体实施过程中,还将面临哪些阻碍?

林伯强:根据碳交易试点和国际上的经验来看,目前实施碳交易市场主要有以下几个方面的阻碍:一是碳价波动较大,碳交易频繁导致碳价格对节能减排的影响具有不确定性,因此碳交易的透明与公开度还有待进一步加强。二是目前我国碳配额发放比较宽松,经常会配额超发,从而导致碳价下跌,这对于节能减排的推动作用会有所减弱。三是我国对于碳市场交易的法律体系还不健全,企业通过碳交易完成减排目标,更多地是一种自觉行为,由于监管的不健全,无法确保碳交易的有效性,以激发市场活力。所以在碳交易市场的发展过程中,相关的制度保障应加快解决。

《证券日报》记者:碳交易市场的启动对我国经济会带来哪些影响?

林伯强:从短期来看,参与碳交易的企业将面临减排和成本上升的压力,因此对我国经济会有一定的负面影响,但随着碳交易市场的启动,可以有效抑制煤炭排放,这有利于未来人类的可持续发展和美丽中国战略的进一步实施。从长期来看,参与碳交易有利于企业提高效率,推进我国经济“去产能”。

(责任编辑:关婧)

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