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白龙马“回头” 二线蓝筹有望接班

2017-11-30 07:45:57   中国经济网

近期白马股跌幅普遍较大,主要源于股指不断抬升后出现的泡沫担忧,十年期国债收益率不断上行也起到推波助澜作用。长期来看,盈利提升叠加估值回落,白马股吸引力仍在。但短线下跌也同样孕育机会。当前市场看多二线蓝筹的声音开始变多。有机构和市场人士认为,二线蓝筹股业绩估值匹配较好,且近期受到的影响有限,特别是其中一部分缺乏资金关注的二线蓝筹,短期具备较强交易性机会。

“二八”格局重现

A股市场近期波动加大,短期分歧也在加大。这种分歧对市场的直接影响体现在交易上,不少资金选择短期离场。前期涨幅较大的个股纷纷面临获利盘了结,不少基金机构出于提前锁定全年收益考虑,也纷纷展开减持,降低持仓比例。

回顾今年市场行情,年初大盘在3000点上方适度反复后逐步企稳回升站上3200点,4月份虽然迎来较大回调,但经过5-6月震荡整固后,大盘站稳3100点并逐步攀升,上涨持续近6个月,临近年末出现高位震荡。不过整体而言,白马龙头品种表现较为强势,成为市场上涨的主要动力。

但伴随行情出现阶段性拐点,近期主要股指和领涨板块连续回落。11月14日-29日,沪综指累计下跌109.98点,近两个交易日受到半年线较强支撑,才勉强止跌企稳;而中小板和创业板技术形态上,迄今仍呈现破位状。从盘面观察,应该说近期资金情绪还是有一定回暖的,本周二两市获得主力净流入的板块数量明显增多,全天出现上涨的股票也达到2870只,显著扭转“二八”颓势。不过好景不长,昨日市场走势再度偏向疲弱,虽然沪综指微涨0.13%,最终收于红盘,但上证50、沪深300等指数悉数下跌,题材概念热度也明显降温,上涨股票数量也环比锐减至1379只,投资者谨慎情绪出现反复。

调整将持续

中长期“慢牛”行情尚未完结,这是当前绝大多数投资者以及机构人士的共识。但立足短期行情预判,大多数主流券商也同样认为,中线级别调整还没有真正结束,即便沪综指有望在3300点企稳后有所反弹,操作上还需多加谨慎。

川财证券认为,短期市场风险偏好可能延续回落,经济回落和流动性偏紧预期也将维持。整体市场将延续调整压力,业绩仍是主线。而高频数据显示经济回落预期延续、央行仅维持流动性短期紧平衡也使得年底市场调整压力未完全释放。

光大证券从两大方向来阐释短线市场存在的风险:一是白酒和家电两大涨幅领先板块的短期回调对市场造成一些扰动,今年上涨最多的白马龙头恰恰是造成市场调整的风险所在。市场自发调整的情况下,白马龙头的回调压力形成马太效应;二是与货币政策主要应对经济周期下的增长与通胀波动不同,宏观审慎政策主要是应对金融周期下以宏观杠杆率和还本付息率衡量的金融风险。由于金融周期的主要特点是信用扩张的顺周期,因此在金融周期高位加强宏观审慎监管,其主要市场含义就是紧信用。叠加前期涨幅过大白马龙头回调压力,难免引起市场短线调整。

对于今年以来表现抢眼的大消费板块,光大证券强调,鉴于累计涨幅过大,再加上综合通胀回落压力制约白酒盈利增速,明年棚户区改造力度边际放缓意味着家电超额收益会回落,预计机构投资者对这两个龙头板块的再平衡压力正在加大。

宏观流动性方面,上周央行通过公开市场操作连续两周净投放资金,实现资金投放共计1500亿元,其中逆回购操作7900亿元,逆回购到期6400亿元。本周公开市场有9500亿元逆回购到期,虽无正回购和央行票据到期,也无MLF到期,但从市场利率走势看,10年期国债收益率下行调整,依旧维持高位。预计流动性有所波动,但考虑到监管货币政策的一致性和精细化操作,出现资金面超预期紧张概率不大。

不过,从近期量能来看,目前多头力量尚不足以再掀强攻。自从11月14日本轮调整启动以来,沪深两市交投连下台阶,最低时全天不足4000亿元,尽管资源品近期相对抗跌,但量能无法有效放大,势必限制此类品种上行空间,从而提早为短线反抽划定了天花板。

综合而言,市场人士认为,在以下四大信号出现之前,调整大概还会延续。一是拖累近期市场调整主因是前期强势板块的获利回吐,诱因为正常的技术修正和估值下修,而非基本面转差所致,在明年业绩向好预期不变情况下,一旦估值下修至合理水平,中长期机构资金是否逢低配置;二是观察资金面与债市走势,后续若随着央行连续小幅净投放与税期过后,尤其12月财政大额放款,资金面大概率紧中趋稳,资金面缓解或催化连续快速上行近两个月的利率债见顶回落,届时利于缓解股市估值下修压力;三是场外资金配置动能动向,下半年随着股市持续上行,股票型、混合型基金发行明显回暖,近日市场加剧震荡,或将吸引新发基金逢低入场配置;四是宏观数据与政策预期,12月初起陆续公布11月经济数据,或从预期上有望提升市场风险偏好。

精选二线蓝筹

成也萧何,败也萧何。白马股既是此轮行情的推手,也是近期调整力度最大的品种。那么,随着沪综指来到3300点一线,抄底白马时点是否到来呢?

有券商人士直言,为时尚早。首先,白马下轮行情将弱于本轮,下轮白马股行情大概率是对市场恐慌情绪进行修复的反弹行情。其次,白马股下轮行情来得并不会那么快,白马股下轮行情的启动大概率基于上市公司业绩对于此前悲观预期的修复,将出现“微观好于宏观”的情况,预计白马股下轮行情大概率出现在明年2月上旬。

既然不能盲目抄底白马股,当前时点投资者应该如何操作才能规避风险乃至实现相对收益呢?

中航信托提出,从目前状态看,股市仍有一定下跌空间,但是投资者也不必过于担心,毕竟一些二线蓝筹股的业绩增速非常确定,而其股价这两年并没有体现业绩增长,这类股票将成为市场中坚。接下来,仍然要按照价值投资的逻辑,但建议把更多精力放在挑选优质二线白马股上。

值得注意的是,目前不少私募机构也将视线投向估值更有吸引力的二线蓝筹。其理由包括:一是对于很多一线蓝筹而言,目前估值已经修复完成了很多;二是随着部分打新资金的离场,也会对一线蓝筹带来比较大的压力;三是房地产行业景气周期的尾部风险,可能会对未来金融板块带来较为明显的负面影响。而当前二线蓝筹股业绩增速普遍保持在良好水平,估值也处于历史低位,预计后期将会有不错表现。

在具体看好的板块和投资主题方面,有私募人士表示,通信、新兴消费、新能源、环保、TMT及房地产等领域中的二线蓝筹和绩优个股,值得继续看好。

(责任编辑:关婧)

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