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新三板挂牌私募整改之路:回归资管本业

2017-11-13 06:55:59   中国经济网

从前几年纷纷登陆新三板,到现在漫漫整改路,新三板挂牌私募的命运引发关注。近期,全国中小企业股份转让系统(下称股转公司)发出通知,进一步细化对私募的整改要求,挂牌私募再次成为市场焦点。业内认为,由于部分私募机构大规模融资,背离了新三板支持创新创业企业成长的初衷,不利于资本脱虚向实,监管将继续严管新三板私募,私募挂牌新三板时代或走向终结。

11月10日前完成自查

2014、2015年,随着新三板的兴起,不少私募机构向股转公司递交申请,希望登陆新三板。在随后的几年里,九鼎、中科招商、硅谷天堂、同创伟业、天图资本、达仁资管、菁英时代等私募机构实现挂牌新三板。

统计显示,除已摘牌的合晟资产和昌润创投,目前新三板挂牌私募机构有26家。

业内普遍认为,私募挂牌新三板有几大好处:一是成为公众公司,提高市场知名度和品牌影响力,二是股份能够流动、交易,并且可以融资。有私募表示,挂牌使运作更加规范,提高了对资本市场的认识水平,也带来更多的投资机会。

然而,一些私募挂牌后开始疯狂融资,资本运作动作频频。九鼎、中科招商分别甩出大额定增单子进行融资,震惊新三板市场。同时,中科招商在A股大举“囤壳”,举牌了十几家上市公司;九鼎则在不到两年时间里,拿下多个金融牌照,从私募股权公司变身为金控集团。此外,记者了解到,有些挂牌私募不仅多次融资,还并购了期货公司,意欲筹建保险公司、收购证券公司等。

部分挂牌私募的频繁融资以及他们的融资金额、投向引起了市场关注和质疑。2015年12月,证监会暂停PE管理机构在新三板挂牌及融资,对PE的挂牌情况、融资金额、募集资金投向等进行调研梳理。虽然半年后,私募挂牌新三板通道重开,但提出了更严格的要求。

2016年5月27日,股转公司发布《关于金融类企业挂牌融资有关事项的通知》,对私募机构增加了8个挂牌条件,包括“管理费收入与业绩报酬之和须占收入来源的80%以上”、“募集资金不存在投资沪深交易所二级市场上市公司股票及相关私募证券类基金的情形”等。

随后,新三板挂牌私募进入了长达一年的整改期。今年10月27日,股转公司发布《关于挂牌私募机构自查整改相关问题的通知》,细化了相关规定,并要求参与整改的私募在11月10日前提交自查报告。

记者从一些挂牌私募机构了解到,他们已经提交了自查整改报告,等待监管层的进一步消息。

回归资管本质 服务实体经济

关于这一轮对挂牌私募机构的整改,业内人士认为,目的在于希望私募回归资管本质,专心做好投资,而不要利用资本市场搞太多动作,脱离金融服务实体经济的本质。

红土创新新三板投资部总监张剑斌表示,监管对新三板的定位是给中小微企业提供融资渠道,而不是让私募拿了钱投二级市场,赚取利润。

申万宏源证券分析师王文翌也表示,整改是响应“金融脱虚向实,服务实体经济”的要求。前两年有私募把在新三板融到的资金拿到二级市场搞资本运作,不仅挤压了其他新三板实体企业融资的空间,更重要的是,这是与“新三板服务中小微企业发展”的初衷背道而驰的。

关于此次整改对收入来源、资管规模、投向等提出的要求,新鼎资本总经理张驰认为,80%的要求并不难,纯粹做私募业务的机构就能够符合。但现在很多机构跳出了PE的投资的范围,甚至还收购实体企业,有了经营收入。

挂牌私募在新三板市场的融资等行为受限,不少公司的估值较高峰时已去掉了一大半。广证恒生总经理兼首席研究官袁季表示, 过去私募机构通过登陆新三板实现了股权融资,而不是托管资产的募资行为。规范之后,股权融资会受到最大的影响,以后如何应对还有相当的难度。

张驰认为,私募目前在新三板只有交易功能,不能融资,不能进创新层,流动性也比较差,挂牌的意义已经不大了。接下来可能还会继续整改。

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