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结构性行情仍是主基调 绩优蓝筹有望发力

2017-10-25 07:52:56   中国经济网

近期市场上演蹊跷戏码,这边厢大盘止跌企稳,重现“三连阳”行情,主要指数随之纷纷发生技术性改善;那边厢市场量能不彰,沪深两市成交持续缩量,资金交投有情绪降温之嫌,行情前景由此蒙上阴影。但综合估值水平、流动性来看,分析人士认为,结构性行情仍是四季度运行主基调。指数向上突破趋势尚未正式确立前,将大概率从绩优蓝筹股的超跌反弹中迸发。

成交缩量指数反弹

三季度以来,存量格局如同一根风筝线,始终牵制着市场向上冲锋的步伐,令大盘冲关3300点和3400点充满了一波三折。国庆假期之后,市场资金面压力有增无减,沪综指两度触及3400点上方,刺激部分投资者“恐高”心理发酵,两市成交额呈现出明显的区间缩量特征。

以节后为例,除10月9日-11日沪深市场成交累计超过5000亿元外,此后9个交易每日成交额基本维持在4500亿元之下,10月17日、20日和23日更下破“四字头”,交易活跃度降至下半年冰点。其中,10月20日两市累计成交量仅有3622.10亿元,为10月以来最低水平。尽管之后两个交易日成交额连续回升,但也仅有3833.34亿元和4068.28亿元,与节后首周规模相距甚远。反观七八月时,每日两市成交超过5500点是市场常态。

不过需要注意的是,即便是七八月份,也并非年内A股流动性最为宽裕的时点,彼时市场流动性主基调仍是存量格局。因此,这更凸显当前资金面压力的沉重。这也是当前部分投资者谨慎情绪无法有效缓解,“吃药喝酒”行情大行其道的主要原因。截至昨日收盘,沪市和深市成交额分别为1785.53亿元和2286.00亿元。

但与资金表现大相径庭的是,同期市场中枢不降反升。相比9月下旬沪综指连连回调,10月开始,尽管盘中波动明显加剧,但沪综指基本围绕3370点一线上下波动,最近3个交易来,20日均线对指数向上支撑显现,沪综指以一轮“三连阳”强势反弹重新逼近3400点大关。截至昨日收盘,沪综指已经重新位于5日均线上方,收盘报3388.25点。

借着大盘企稳回升的机会,创业板顺势展开超跌反弹,重新莫高至1900点之上,昨日收盘报1901.69点。目前,创业板5日均线有明显向上拐点,DIF线也开始向上穿越DEA线,技术指标改善明显。然而,与沪深主板走势相类似的是,此番创业板的反弹也是在成交缩量的基础上完成的。区间来看,创业板成交额已经从节后初期的1000余亿元下滑至当前600亿元水平。

冷暖互现分化加剧

对于节后市场量价背离现象,机构人士从更深层次原因作出解答。信达证券高级策略分析师谷永涛认为,当前A股流动性状况并不乐观。节后十年期国债收益率一度触及年内高点,虽然节前央行即公布了普惠金融定向降准方案,但具体实施仍有一个季度时间,短期流动性压力仍然是压制市场估值的重要因素。不过,进入10月以后,9月宏观经济数据陆续披露,PMI超预期回暖提振了投资者对经济复苏的信心,尽管三季度GDP小幅回落,但经济韧性仍在,这成为支撑估值提升的重要因素。

经济数据与流动性因素共振,造成市场缩量上涨的同时,其代价是板块和个股的加剧分化。昨日主要指数虽然大多收涨,但个股层面来看,全天出现上涨的股票仅有937只,涨幅超过1%的仅有459只,市场“赚了吆喝不赚钱”。行业层面观察,28个申万一级行业中,昨日发生上涨的仅有9个;5日统计来看,出现上涨的板块也仅有14个。而热点辐射效应无法彰显,客观上也限制了指数向上的空间大小。

并且,昨日涨幅居前的主要是房地产和金融板块,均是受到短期消息面刺激。如房地产板块大涨动力主要来自住房租赁资产支持计划的提振。而利好消息对行情的带动本身具有短期性质,一旦介入的资金情绪降温,指数上行的持续性势必备受考验。因此,尽管看似“吃药喝酒”行情告一段落,投资者避险需求边际收敛,但市场的领涨主线反而开始模糊,后续走势的不确定性反而加剧。

分析人士认为,分化格局中的指数上涨,为后市行情走向深化埋下了隐患。一是仅仅依靠存量博弈,指数向上的可能性会不断降低,“三连阳”之后的反弹之路随时可能戛然而止;二是过度分化的一个后果就是刺激投资者频繁调仓换股,客观上也使得市场波动频率上升,行情无法走向深入;三是资金空转对投资者心态的负面影响,随着震荡加剧,获利盘更倾向出局避险,而场外资金按兵不动逻辑愈加强化,投资心理与资金表现负反馈效应加剧,量能继续边际下降。

风格或切换蓝筹机会来临

目前,中小创走势占优现象较为突出。这一方面是由于此类品种盘子小、估值弹性大,便于资金快进快出,符合当前市场短线博弈风格;另一方面,中小创轮番补涨还没有结束,由于前期超跌明显,短期仍然存在一定的上行空间。不过,随着昨日创业板站上1900点,成交缩量与分化格局加剧的背景下,市场风格会不会逐步偏向蓝筹股,以及1900点之上创业板还能走多远,这也成为部分投资者担忧的问题。

博星投顾分析认为,补涨动力仍在,但中小创股票热点方向已经完全转变。从历史经验看,市场处于弱势时,主力资金往往喜欢炒作地区概念。目前已经由上海蔓延到雄安,或在蔓延到广州等地。无论是哪个地区,都证明了指数波动加剧。这时候做短线大概率要吃亏。技术上看,创业板13日均线形成中短期反压,而上证50指数依然高位震荡,但受到短期均线强劲支撑,短期杀跌动能不足。该机构认为,投资者在操作策略上,不妨将绩优蓝筹股作为主线。

川财证券认为,近期公布的9月经济数据显示生产和需求均稳步回升,短期经济韧性仍强,这使得低库存背景下多数行业尤其是周期性行业三四季度业绩改善预期持续,蓝筹股仍然值得配置。此外,三季报密集发布,市场大概率继续聚焦业绩主线,而低估值蓝筹仍是配置主线,一是目前持续调整后的周期板块目前多数个股估值在20倍以下,短期悲观预期已经充分反映;二是大金融中保险和银行等,业绩改善预期确定性和持续性较高,有望催化短期行情,券商也面临业绩阶段性改善和补涨,也是配置重点;三是自贸区等改革主题和油气、汽车等领域的混改是中长期主题概念,或受到短期雄安主题催化,建议投资者保持关注。

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