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周小川透露金融稳定发展委员会四大关注重点

2017-10-17 10:07:54   

全国金融工作会议决定成立国务院金融稳定发展委员会(下称金稳会)。中国人民银行行长周小川日前表示,金稳会未来将重点关注影子银行、资产管理行业、互联网金融、金融控股公司等四方面问题。

他是在15日出席国际货币基金组织/世界银行年会期间发表演讲时作出上述表示的。周小川表示,未来我国将进一步深化改革,逐步推动经济去杠杆,同时加强金融监管协调,推动金融市场平稳健康发展,维护金融稳定。

周小川透露,金稳会未来将重点关注四方面问题。首先是影子银行。“事实上我们已于两年前开始着手应对这一问题,目前已取得积极进展,许多影子银行业务已回归银行部门,被纳入商业银行资产负债表。”周小川表示。

其次是资产管理行业。周小川认为,这一问题较为复杂,银监会、证监会和保监会三家分业监管的监管机构针对同一资产管理行为可能有不同的监管规定,应理顺和精简。

互联网金融也是金稳会关注的重点。周小川表示,目前许多科技公司开始提供金融产品,有些公司取得了牌照,但有些没有任何牌照却仍然提供信贷和支付服务、出售保险产品,这可能会带来竞争问题和金融稳定风险。

此外,金稳会还将重点关注金融控股公司。“我们观察到,一些大型私人企业通过并购获得各种金融服务牌照,但并非真正意义上的金融控股公司,其间可能存在关联交易等违法行为,而我们对这些跨部门交易尚没有相应的监管政策。”周小川直言。

关于去杠杆,周小川指出,中国的整体宏观杠杆率较高,但是得益于低利率环境,当前偿债率仍较为合理。分部门看,政府债务占GDP的比例并不高;居民部门债务占GDP的比例仍然处于低位,但增长较快;主要的问题是企业部门债务占GDP的比例较高。

为什么企业会有这么高的杠杆率?对于这一问题,周小川称,中国地方政府通过各种融资平台借款,形成了较多的债务,这在统计上体现为企业部门债务,会导致企业部门债务高估。如果将这部分统计为政府债务,企业部门债务会大幅下降,政府债务相应上升,这种债务结构也更加平衡。因此,看待中国的杠杆率,不仅要看国有企业等企业部门债务和银行信贷问题,还应重视地方政府债务问题,而后者与推动城镇化进程有关。

(原标题:周小川透露金融稳定发展委员会四大关注重点)

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