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新榨季全球食糖市场将供应盈余

2017-10-17 09:22:54   

中粮国际亚洲区经理丹尼尔·贝利齐:

近期,全球都开始了白糖2017/2018榨季的准备工作。中国商务部也于9月30日发布了2018年食糖进口关税配额申请和分配细则。针对2017/2018榨季全球白糖市场走势相关话题,近日,期货日报记者在2017第二届中国(郑州)国际期货论坛上采访了中粮国际亚洲区经理、远东公司糖业负责人丹尼尔·贝利齐。他表示,国际食糖市场正向供应盈余迈进,而巴西和中国将是未来国际食糖市场的重要变量。

据记者了解,受2016年食糖供应偏紧和极端天气的影响,国际食糖价格逐步攀升,推升了糖农的种植积极性,导致食糖产量大幅提升。

据目前数据推测,丹尼尔·贝利齐认为,在2017/2018榨季中,四大国际产糖大国的市场产量都将大幅提升。其中,巴西将至少增加24万吨的食糖产量,印度增产不少于490万吨,泰国增产在140万吨左右,而欧盟在配额政策的推动下也会出现至少300万吨的增产。

“相对于食糖产量的大幅增加,全球食糖消费增速正在逐步减缓。”丹尼尔·贝利齐说,实际上,2014年至今,全球食糖消费量只增长了0.6%,增长十分缓慢。他认为,这主要是因为国际食糖消费习惯的改变。据了解,近年来大部分国家的健康卫生组织都提出了过量食糖不利于人体健康的观点,并鼓励大家减少对食糖的消费。新加坡、墨西哥、菲律宾等国家甚至开始对食糖收消费税。受此影响,国际糖消费正在逐步减少。

“产量的大幅提高加上消费热情的减退,国际糖市很可能再次进入供应盈余。”丹尼尔·贝利齐表示,未来糖价的走势将取决于巴西和中国市场的情况。

在丹尼尔·贝利齐看来,作为国际食糖的主要供应国,巴西蔗糖的产量将对国际糖市有着很大的影响。而巴西食糖的产量将主要取决于未来世界能源及当地货币雷亚尔的走势。之所以世界能源价格可以影响到巴西蔗糖的产量,主要是因为巴西甘蔗除了是食糖的主要生产原料外,还是巴西乙醇的主要生产原料。

而雷亚尔对于巴西糖和乙醇产量产生影响则是因为巴西乙醇的消费区域。据了解,巴西乙醇产量中仅有10%的比例是对外出口的,其余90%以内销为主,以本国货币计价。而巴西蔗糖产量的三分之二都是用来出口的,并以美元计价。因此雷亚尔的大幅度贬值将降低榨厂生产乙醇的积极性。

因此,丹尼尔·贝利齐认为,若未来国际能源和雷亚尔价格持续走低,巴西蔗糖将保持在较高的产量,加上未来极有可能出现的供应盈余,国际食糖价格将会大幅下跌。

相反,若国际能源和雷亚尔价格出现明显上升,巴西蔗糖产量将逐渐下行,进而改善国际糖市的供需关系。受此影响,国际糖价将维持在一定的价格区间,甚至可能出现上行态势。“这样的可能性与另一种可能性各占一半,具体还是要观察未来能源及雷亚尔的价格走势。”丹尼尔·贝利齐说。

中国食糖市场则主要看消费端。丹尼尔·贝利齐说,目前中国是全球糖市最主要的消费国之一,中国国内产糖量根本无法满足日常的生产消费,需要从国际大量进口。在中国众多的保护政策和供不应求的背景下,中国国内糖价远超国际价格,国内市场对国际白糖有着很高的依赖。也正是因为如此,中国市场的供应缺口也对国际食糖价格有着一定的影响。

“但目前这一缺口正在逐渐减小。”丹尼尔·贝利齐表示,这主要是受中国国内玉米绵白糖替代量增加的影响。

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