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E时代“洛阳纸贵”:纸业股牛市静悄悄

2017-10-17 07:47:54   中国经济网

在无纸化办公越来越盛行的“E”时代,“洛阳纸贵”现象再现江湖,原纸供应商话语权陡增,下游企业甚至出现一货难求的窘境。去年四季度以来,纸价便开启了“涨涨涨”模式,其中尤以用于包装的瓦楞纸和箱板纸涨幅最为明显,A股和H股两个市场的不少纸业股也走出了一轮波澜壮阔的反弹行情。

分析人士指出,“禁废令”的出台以及环保因素对供应面的影响,使得废纸价格大幅上涨,从而带动纸价的集体反弹。考虑到废纸进口额度暂未明朗,四季度国废(国内废纸)仍将维持涨价趋势,而供给端因环保压力不减,短期行业无大规模新增产能投放,依然偏紧,纸价有望延续上行格局,利好相关概念股。

涨价巨大 “纸”高气昂

据天风证券数据,截至上周,瓦楞纸均价为5713元/吨,自去年10月14日的3105元/吨至今涨幅已达84%。箱板纸均价为6200元/吨,而去年10月箱板纸均价约3300元/吨,涨幅近88%。

据卓创资讯分析人士介绍,今年4月以来,纸价进入上行通道,8-9月纸价突然提速。8月份全国大部分纸厂进行了3次至4次提价,包括瓦楞纸、白板纸、生活纸、新闻纸、铜版纸在内的原纸,涨幅在300元-900元/吨不等。9月延续涨价态势,短短一个月内瓦楞纸价格大幅上涨1100-1300元/吨不等。

进入10月,纸业公司再次提价加速。10月11日-13日,全国58家纸企上调废纸价格50-200元/吨,只有个别纸企下调废纸价格,废纸价格整体呈上升趋势。

“最近调价函发的很密集,从8月开始便这样,给我们包装公司带来很大成本压力。”东莞一位包装公司采购部经理感慨,工厂里原纸囤货不多,跟供应商沟通,要求先打货款才能送货,要么只能接受断货的事实。

宜宾纸业、博汇纸业、晨鸣纸业等纸业龙头企业成了这一轮价格上涨的直接受益者。根据晨鸣纸业三季报业绩预告,2017年前三季度公司归属上市公司股东净利润26.5-27.5亿元,同比增长71%-77%;其中第三季度归母净利润9-10亿元,同比增长46%-63%。

博汇纸业三季报则显示,前三季度实现收入63.4亿元,同比增长19.7%;实现归母净利润6.1亿元,同比增长469.6%;扣非后净利润6.2亿,同比增长837.8%。其中第三季度实现收入22.8亿,同比增长15.7%;实现净利润2亿,同比增长394.6%。

股价表现上看,今年以来,晨鸣纸业、博汇纸业、太阳纸业、山鹰纸业累计涨幅分别高达89.6%、79.95%、42.44%和38.03%。同期沪综指涨幅为8.86%,深证成指涨幅为10.75%。

港股市场也是“别样红”,玖龙纸业、晨鸣纸业H股、理文造纸等股票年初以来涨幅分别高达140.28%、98.6%和79.55%。根据玖龙纸业财报,2017财年,玖龙纸业录得销售额为391.55亿人民币,同比增长22%;毛利润为79.76亿,同比上涨36.1%;股东应占净利润为43.84亿,同比上升290.79%;每股盈利约0.94元,派息率32%。花旗、野村和摩根大通等国际投行纷纷表示玖龙业绩超预期,维持“买入”或“增持”评级。

“禁废令”引发洛阳纸贵

“主导本轮废纸上涨的主要原因是美废进口额度减少。环保部自5月以来暂停对进口废纸的审批,进口外废额度逐渐耗尽催生国废价格创历史新高。”长江证券分析师蔡方羿此前在研报中分析。

今年8月中旬,环保部发布的新版《进口废物管理目录》中,未经分拣的废纸已从限制进口调整为禁止进口,回收(废碎)纸及纸板包括废特种纸被列入了“禁入名单”。

数据显示,国内废纸进口总量已从5月的244万吨降至7月的213万吨。同时,由于环保因素,国内纸箱厂已从2010年的3300多家减少到目前2000家左右,纸箱供应大大减少。一时间,国内废纸身价不断飙升,市面上能回收上来的废纸越来越少了。

“纸箱生产是个高污染产业,现在强调环保,对污染的要求就比较高了,需要提高技术,生产无污染产品,这需要一个过程,这时候它的供给量会减少,于是纸价也会上涨,特别在纸箱瓦楞纸反映最强烈,其他纸涨价幅度并不是很高。同时也有需求拉升因素,现在电商发展很快,都要用纸箱来包装,这方面的需求因素也助长了价格上升。”中银国际研究公司董事长曹远征在接受媒体采访时表示。

券商集体看多

“禁废令出台后国废价格持续走高,是推动包装纸价格在9月大幅上涨的主要原因。而目前来看,四季度国家批复外废新进口配额的预期较弱,预计短期内国废涨价趋势难以拐头。另一方面,进入10月,包装纸将进入传统需求旺季,因而四季度包装纸价格走强的驱动因素尚存。”国金证券分析师揭力表示。

东吴证券轻工制造团队也认为纸价大概率仍将继续上行。从成本端看,废纸进口额度暂未明朗,四季度国废仍将维持涨价趋势;纸浆价格受旺季等因素影响,涨价趋势未变,成本端涨价为纸价上涨提供支撑。从供给端看,“2+26城”京津冀地区环保督查力度史无前例,小纸企环保成本抬升的同时原材料供货稳定性较差持续出清,同时短期行业无大规模新增产能投放,供给偏紧;需求端箱板、瓦楞、白卡、铜板、双胶等细分纸种四季度都进入旺季,下游提价接受能力强,几个因素共同作用于纸价继续上行,这也将成为驱动股价继续上行的因素。

申万宏源研究指出,环保高压态势持续,涉及行业广泛,广东、山东、江苏、四川等省份开展环保督查活动到2018年。文化纸领域,今年以来受益价格高位运行,企业盈利能力突出。9月进入旺季后伴随前期纸浆涨价,文化纸全面反弹提价。箱板瓦楞纸方面,中国禁止进口混合废纸政策持续发酵,国废涨、美废欧废跌的局面利于集中度持续提升。产能新增方面,产能审批整体为审批松、管理严的趋势,自备电厂、锅炉审批严从源头限制产能无序扩张,自发电、蒸汽、废纸限制产能释放节奏。看好龙头纸企业绩持续提升和板块景气提升,首推山鹰纸业、晨鸣纸业、太阳纸业。

(原标题:E时代“洛阳纸贵”:纸业股牛市静悄悄)

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