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银行股崛起:配置窗口正在打开

2017-10-17 07:42:54   中国经济网

昨日市场普跌,上涨股票数量不足两成,但银行股全天保持旺盛上涨势头。截至昨日收盘,申万银行指数上涨0.92%,领先有色金属指数0.53个百分点,居行业板块首位。

目前,全球经济持续复苏,中国经济也结束过去六年快速下行阶段,进入到“L”型底部。在此背景下,券商研究机构大多认为,我国银行业资产质量改善可持续,不良拐点明确,息差拐点初现,预计上市银行利润增速将进一步提升。10月三季报业绩将是板块再次启动的催化剂。

ROE改善可期

过去一年全球主要银行股指数涨幅较大,A股银行板块涨幅相对偏低。其中,德国银行业指数上涨52%,美国S&PBANK指数上涨41.2%,韩国银行指数上涨34.4%,我国香港恒生金融股指数过去一年涨幅也达到20%,同期A股银行指数涨幅仅有17.5%,明显低于29%的横向平均水平。

而目前A股银行板块PB水平仅为1.0倍,在主要国家中处于中等水准,估值水平偏低。以美国为例,其银行板块估值达到1.3倍PB,ROE水平在9%左右。天风证券分析师廖志明据此认为,A股银行板块仍具备较大上行空间。“在全球主要经济体企稳复苏的大背景下,银行业资产质量收益显著,此外,全球主要国家正走出低利率环境,利率上升有望显著改善银行业息差,支撑业绩较大改善。未来一年A股银行板块估值有望逐步趋近1.3倍PB,ROE或达到14%。”

此外,近期央行普惠金融定向降准也对上市银行净利润带来正面利好。中信建投分析师杨荣预计,静态测算,从负债端资金成本率的下降幅度或者资产端投资收益率的回升幅度看,此次定向降准可以扩大上市银行2018年净利润0.5个百分点左右;动态测算,预计能够增加各家上市银行的净利润幅度在2%-6%之间,平均幅度在4%左右。

把握三季报窗口期

自今年3月份以来,商业银行总资产同比增速逐月降低,8月份已经从年初的15.2%放缓至11.2%。在金融去杠杆、脱虚向实大方向下,银行收缩理财业务、同业业务规模,部分中小行依靠同业业务拉动扩张的发展模式面临转型。未来强监管环境总体持续,但进一步超预期收紧概率不大,有望总体保持稳健。

申万宏源证券指出,2016年下半年以来,银行业资产质量逐渐企稳,不良指标呈现明显边际改善。银行业绩空间逐步打开,2017年上半年上市银行年化信贷成本环比一季度降低15BP至1.42%。9月份制造业PMI超预期也再次表明经济依然具备韧性,在经济表现不差、供给侧改革推动银行业不良底层资产改善的背景下,预计三季度银行资产质量继续企稳向好。

华泰证券认为,从数据来看,9月银行业新增信贷1.27亿元,略微超过市场预期,但符合央行加强信贷支持实体的政策导向;M2增速为9.2%,预计到年末仍将保持低位运行,维持货币政策稳健。10月份三季报业绩将是板块再次启动的催化剂。

“从银行中报数据看,资产质量稳定向好、净息差企稳、利润增长逐季提速,逻辑得以验证。”东吴证券也认为,三季度银行业资产质量与利润增速将持续好转,上市银行三季报业绩改善确定性高,值得持续关注。

进入四季度,银行股日历效应显现,收获绝对收益和超额收益的确定性高。而近期市场波动较大,申万宏源证券认为,这令银行板块防御价值凸显,建议关注四大行以及估值处于底部、基本面有望筑底企稳的中小银行。

(原标题:银行股崛起:配置窗口正在打开)

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