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央企交叉持股有益于分散经营风险

2017-10-14 06:57:54   

央企交叉持股

主持人苏诗钰:今年年初,国资委主任肖亚庆在部署2017年国企改革重点工作时提出,要深入推进公司制股份制和混合所有制改革,积极探索集团层面股权多元化改革,全面完成国有企业公司制改制,支持中央企业间、中央企业和地方国有企业间交叉持股,大力推进改制上市工作。

业内人士认为,央企交叉持股的企业选择最好在行业上下游或有关联的行业之间进行

■本报记者 杜雨萌

近日,央企间交叉持股再现新案例。自中石油无偿向鞍钢集团划转4.4亿股A股股份获批3个月后,10月12日晚间,鞍钢股份发布公告称,鞍钢集团拟将其通过其全资子公司鞍山钢铁集团有限公司(下称“鞍山钢铁”)持有的公司6.5亿股A股股份(约占公司总股本的8.98%)无偿划转给中石油集团。截至10月12日收盘,鞍钢股份A股股价报6.52元/股。若据此测算,本次无偿划转股权对应价值约42.38亿元。

国务院国资委研究中心副研究员周丽莎昨日在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,中石油和鞍钢集团此次交叉持股,可以实现两个方面的效果:一从产业布局来看,可以有效地实现公司之间的业务协作和整合;二是对于周期性较强的行业,交叉持股可以实现分散经营风险的目的。虽然一般的多元化经营也可以实现风险分散的目的,但是交叉持股的好处在于,其无需通过实际的资金支出,最为典型的就是双方通过换股的方式实现各自的多元化经营,以减少行业周期性风险。

事实上,央企间的这种交叉持股模式在过去两年内频繁露脸。在资本市场上,国企之间的交叉持股日渐活跃。如中国诚通在持有中储股份、粤华包B、冠豪高新、岳阳林纸、美利云等上市公司股权的同时,还参股了中远海控、中海科技、宝钢股份、武钢股份等多家央企,从资本层面促进了央企股权结构多元化及公司治理的改进与完善。宝钢集团无偿划转9.76%宝钢股份给三家国企,向诚通金控、国新投资和中石油分别无偿划转2.45%、2.45%和4.86%公司股份。中船集团拟将持有的中国船舶4392万股A股无偿划转给中远集团,武钢集团拟将所持有武钢股份5亿股(约占公司目前总股本的4.95%)向中远集团无偿划转。

值得关注的是,除2015年9月份印发的《关于深化国有企业改革的指导意见》中明确提出,要积极促进国有资本、集体资本、非公有资本等交叉持股、相互融合外,在今年年初召开的中央企业、地方国资委负责人会议上,国资委主任肖亚庆在部署2017年国企改革重点工作时再次提出,要支持中央企业间、中央企业和地方国有企业间交叉持股。

周丽莎认为,央企间之所以开始频繁出现交叉持股,是因为通过交叉持股结合成利益共同体,不但可以在一定层级形成股权置换,提高合资公司及项目的风险承受能力,还可以实现多方资源的集合,构建牢固的战略联盟,提高企业整体的市场竞争力,同时降低同业企业间的竞争,形成产业协同优势,并在联合对外行动时共享商业信用,提高整体商业形象。

除此之外,通过交叉持股的方式调整股权结构,有利于实现央企母公司公司治理改革,完善公司治理,解决“一股独大”顽疾。这种市场化的治理机制一旦形成,有利于公司把目标集中于投资回报和创新,有利于提高公司透明度和财务约束,有利于激励管理层创造良好业绩。

业内研究人士认为,央企间交叉持股的这种方式,后续有望在央企内部进一步推开,但在企业之间的彼此选择上,最好是在行业上下游或有关联的行业之间进行。

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