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排名争夺激烈 基金业绩榜频现“毫厘之差”

2017-10-13 06:42:53   

□本报记者 李良

对于大部分偏股型基金来说,今年算是一个收成不错的年份。财汇金融大数据终端的统计显示,截至10月11日,可比的700只普通股票型基金和偏股混合型基金中,有625只基金今年以来获得了正收益,其中,今年以来收益率最高的基金获得了50.36%的正回报。

中国证券报记者观察发现,在近九成的偏股型基金获得正收益的背后,是大多数基金之间的收益率十分接近,往往只需要不到一个百分点的业绩提升,就可能大幅改变基金的业绩排行座次。对此,业内人士认为,从往年情况来看,部分基金公司可能会在四季度集中力量来提升旗下部分基金产品的业绩,以获得一个更好的业绩排名,而这些基金公司的重仓股值得投资者重视。

紧盯基金重仓股

在四季度,尤其是年末掀起业绩“排名战”,是基金业内的传统“竞赛”项目。尽管近年来,越来越多的基金公司将长期业绩表现作为基金经理的重要考核依据,但年度业绩排名榜的争夺依旧激烈,一些关键排名常常引发相关基金之间的“刀光剑影”。

上海一位偏股混合型基金的基金经理向中国证券报记者表示,媒体和投资者偏好于聚焦冠亚季军的争夺,但这只是外行看热闹,实际上,基金公司对基金经理的考核中,能否进入同类基金排名的1/10、1/3、1/2等指标也十分关键。如果基金产品的业绩正好在这些关键指标的边缘,基金经理也有较强的意愿来冲刺一下业绩,让自己的考核上升一个档次。

值得注意的是,今年市场风格多变,使得不同风格的偏股型基金旗下重仓股都有表现的机会,这也令不同基金之间的业绩差距可谓“毫厘之差”,很容易诱发基金公司或基金经理开打“排名战”。单纯以前三名而论,财汇金融大数据终端的统计显示,截至10月11日,偏股型基金业绩排名榜首的基金与紧追其后的第二名,收益率差距不过是2.31个百分点,而第二名与第三名的收益率差距也仅有2.39个百分点。而越往后,基金产品之间的业绩差距愈加缩小,排名衔接的基金之间业绩差距甚而有低于0.1个百分点的现象,排名座次转瞬便可易手。

业内人士向记者表示,基金重仓股是基金们冲刺业绩的依仗,所以,每到四季度,基金重仓股的异动就值得投资者高度关注。伴随着三季报的陆续出炉,最新的基金重仓股也会陆续披露,那些产品规模不大,业绩排名正处于关键性排名边缘的基金,其重仓股或存在阶段性投资机会。

市场情绪“稳中有喜”

除了潜在的“排名战”外,单纯从市场走向分析,基金经理们对于四季度的A股市场,也是谨慎中带有一丝乐观,尤其是央行定向降准之后,短期市场情绪有所提振。

央行日前宣布,将从2018年起执行新的“定向降准”方案,主要针对普惠金融规模和增量达到一定标准的商业银行执行。虽然方案细则做出了更多解释,向市场释放出央行货币政策并未转向的信号,但中欧基金认为,由于此前市场并未对降准有所预期,因此短期对于市场情绪有可能形成利好,而国企混改仍或是A股未来一段时间内产生交易机会的主题板块。不过,中欧基金也提醒,与此同时,虽然临近季末考核,央行仍然在国庆假期前一周净回笼3600亿元,隔夜资金在当周最后一个交易日飙升,也印证了央行将延续此前的货币政策。

万家基金表示,虽然市场对降准释放流动性规模和意图出现分歧,但宽松口子已经打开,央行释放流动性有很多办法,更应该关注其信号意义。万家基金表示,在M2跌破9%,固定资产投资跌破8%之际,央行天平已经发生倾斜,股债皆受益。

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