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经典名方审批简化 降成本促上市利好中药行业

2017-10-12 07:12:54   

每经记者 周程程 每经编辑 陈 旭

10月8日,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于深化审评审批制度改革鼓励药品医疗器械创新的意见》(以下简称《意见》),明确提出要支持中药传承和创新,经典名方类中药按照简化标准审评审批。

紧接着在10月9日,国家食药监总局发布了《中药经典名方复方制剂简化注册审批管理规定(征求意见稿)》(以下简称“征求意见稿”)及申报资料要求(征求意见稿),明确了符合条件的经典名方制剂申报生产,可仅提供药学及非临床安全性研究资料,免报药效研究及临床试验资料。

在业内看来,该“征求意见稿”是《意见》中针对中药经典名方制剂简化标准审评审批的配套执行细则,对中药行业是一个利好。

经典名方可免报临床试验

中药报批难现象一直存在。国家食药监总局药品审评中心发布的《2014年度药品审评报告》显示,2014年149个获批上市的新药中,中药只有11个,仅占7.38%,相比于2013年的12.7%,呈严重下降趋势。2015年获批上市的新药中,中药仅有7个。

广证恒生一名分析师对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,由于中药独特的理论体系,复方的复杂性给中药的作用机理研究、药动学研究、临床试验等都带来了困难。单纯照搬西药的评价标准影响了中药安全性、有效性的客观和准确的判断,也导致了中药新药审批的通过率相对较低,且花费成本高、时间长。

南京中医药大学原副校长、南京海昌中药集团董事长蔡宝昌告诉《每日经济新闻》记者,经典名方审批简化,有利于疗效好的中药尽快推向市场,促进大健康产业的发展。对相关中药企业而言,意味着新药的投入成本降低,上市速度加快。

蔡宝昌解释说,中药里的成分少则几十种,多则一两百种。譬如,甘草中已知的成分就有200多种。中药复方制剂由多味药材构成,成分分析较单味药品种更为复杂。在现有的科学技术水平下,想要完全搞清楚中药复方制剂的成分,是很困难甚至是做不到的。但是一些经典古方,已经经过了长时间的历史证明是安全的,其实没有必要再去做药效研究及临床试验。

审批难阻碍了经典名方在中国的上市,但日韩却早已对其大开绿灯。例如,韩国保健卫生部规定,11种古典医书(《景岳全书》、《医学入门》、《寿世保元》等)里的处方,无须做临床等试验,药厂可直接生产。

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