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用消费贷购房“悬了”管控贷款流向 银行还有“后手”

2017-09-29 10:37:51   

房价飞涨,如何在现金不够的情况下买房?很多人想到了“首付贷”,即以各种名义(主要是个人消费)贷款用以付首付,为买房加杠杆,甚至实现“一套房变两套”。

不过现在想以个人消费的名义搞首付贷难了。近期各地陆续发布有关消费贷政策,防范信贷资金违规流入房地产市场;而据银行业人士反映,他们也陆续接到金融风险提示,要求加强个贷管理,谨慎发放个人消费贷款。

经济导报记者发现,虽然身处领域不同,但房地产和银行业人士都认为,严防消费贷变购房首付仅仅是管控举措之一;未来或通过硬件技术和软性审核等各种举措,实现多层次信贷管控,严防资金违规流入楼市。

炒房“加杠杆”

前几年,济南市民王斌碰上了一批“便宜房”,“是开发商抵给我们公司的,小微户型、地段在和平路、总价40万元,每平方米能便宜两千元。公司内部处理,抢的人很多,我两天内凑出全款才拿下了一套。”他告诉经济导报记者。

当时的王斌刚工作没有积蓄,但他运用与“首付贷”相同的操作轻易凑齐了房款,“就是以装修为名义,抵押爸妈老房,贷出全款。”

就职于国有“四大行”之一的资深客户经理刘刚告诉经济导报记者,王斌的这种操作在2008年前,本是银行的标准业务之一,“但由于2008年美国爆发次贷危机,银行因风险太大叫停了‘首付贷’。”他说,如果按前几年济南二套房首付30%计算,杠杆为3.3倍;但如果能以一套房抵押付首付,就相当于给消费者加了杠杆。

为何业务叫停,王斌仍能拿下心仪的房子?原来他走的是“消费贷”中的“装修贷”,“就是以装修为名义贷款,实际没有装修而是用来买房。”王斌说。

“几年前,个别地方性商业银行的员工就跟装修公司有联系,银行则对以装修为名贷出的款项睁一只眼闭一只眼,装修公司负责配合提现。”一位信贷公司负责人如是说。但经济导报记者未能采访到更多实例。但稍加查询便可发现,一些银行“装修贷”利率曾低至5.15%、期限曾长达30年,也就是说,只要王斌一年能还上三四万元,就能“零首付”、“零月供”坐拥一套房。

山东康桥律师事务所合伙人邓莉律师表示,王斌的操作涉嫌合同违约,“我国合同法相关条款中规定,借款合同的内容包括借款用途,借款人未按照约定的借款用途使用借款的,贷款人可以停止发放借款、提前收回借款或者解除合同。”邓莉告诉经济导报记者。

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