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附加费或覆盖50%燃油成本 航空公司被指“附加费充当油费”

2017-09-25 07:26:53   中国经济网

近日,有媒体报道称春秋航空在机建燃油费上中日旅客存在差别。有春秋航空乘客表示,12月23日由札幌飞上海的航班燃油费为320元人民币,但切换成日文后却仅为500日元(约人民币30元),差价近300元。

另有经常往返于中美两国的李女士向记者表示,一张往返美国的打折机票接近万元,燃油附加费一项就高达2000元。

航空公司征收燃油附加费的初衷是为了平抑燃油成本。然而,近一年来国际油价始终处于相对低位。以波音777-300ER飞行中美航线为例,按照能达到的平均上座率和载运率计算,国际航线燃油附加费或能覆盖单次航班燃油成本的50%。越来越多的人士质疑燃油附加费不仅实现不了抵消油价上涨的作用,还有以附加费充当燃油费的嫌疑。

同航班差价大引争议

资料显示,燃油附加费是航运公司和班轮公会收取的反映燃料价格变化的附加费。从2000年起,我国就开始对国际航线征收燃油附加费,近年来,其收费额度始终起起落落。

《证券日报》记者登录春秋航空官网和官方APP发现,在人民币支付情况下,春秋航空日本飞往国内城市的航班燃油费均为320元;而切换成日元支付后,燃油费竟降至为500日元(约人民币30元)。

对此,春秋航空方面表示,两种支付的差价与汇率变化有关。另外燃油费包含在总票价中,乘客不应直接对燃油费进行折算。如有必要,乘客可根据实际偏好,选择不同语言、币种支付,即中国旅客同样可以选择日元支付。

随即,记者对该航班总票价进行了核算。在人民币支付方式下,机票售价为1512元人民币,费用明细为1100元基础票价、320元燃油费和62元其他税费;日元支付下,费用明细是基础票价19000日元、燃油费500日元和其他费用1030日元,总票价20530日元,折合1203元人民币,仍然相差约300元人民币。

对此,春秋航空工作人员的答复是机票差价的产生主要是由于汇率的变动。由于日本方面基准票价半年申报一次,相比上一次1日元折合0.065元人民币的汇率,如今汇率已经变更为了1日元折合0.059元人民币。

据记者了解,国际航线的燃油附加费主要是根据油价制定,报各国政府民航主管部门审批后收取。比如从日本出发到国内的航班,其燃油费、安保费、离境费等由日本民航主管机关制定,统一为500日元。

事实上,不只是不同国家收费各异,有时同航线不同航空公司、同航线同航空公司不同时间下单所产生的税费也不尽相同。其差异最大的地方在于燃油附加费,因不同国家航空公司的燃油费用不同,会导致燃油附加费不同;相同航段用不同的机型飞,税费价格也可能不一样。

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