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财政部相关负责人:中国仍将保持较强经济增长韧性

2017-09-23 07:06:59   中国经济网

针对国际信用评级机构标准普尔将我国长期主权信用评级从AA-降至A+,财政部相关负责人22日表示,这是一个错误的决定。近年来,面对经济增长比较优势与要素禀赋的变化,中国政府着力推进供给侧结构性改革,经济增长基础更加稳固,经济增长质量进一步提升。在这样的形势下,标普调降中国主权信用评级,令人费解。

是对中国经济的误读

该负责人表示,标普关注的信贷增速过快、债务负担等问题,多是当前中国经济发展阶段的“老生常谈”,这种看法忽视了中国金融市场融资结构的特点,忽视了中国政府支出所形成的财富积累与物质支撑。这是国际评级机构长期以来所持的惯性思维与基于发达国家经验对中国经济的误读,也是对中国经济良好基本面和发展潜力的忽视。

该负责人介绍,今年以来,中国经济保持稳中有进、稳中向好发展态势。上半年GDP同比增长6.9%,高于预期目标,经济增速连续8个季度保持在中高速区间。在国际收支方面,以市场供求为基础的人民币汇率弹性不断增强,人民币兑美元波动趋升,外汇储备规模连续7个月稳步增加,体现出国际社会对中国经济良好的信心与预期。在中国经济稳中向好的驱动下,今年以来,财政收支形势趋好。1-8月,全国财政收入同比增长9.8%,比上年同期加快3.8个百分点;全国财政支出同比增长13.1%,高于收入增幅3.3个百分点。

未来,随着中国供给侧结构性改革的稳步推进,创新驱动发展战略的深入实施,经济结构不断优化,战略新兴产业蓬勃发展,中国仍将保持较强的经济增长韧性。

可以保持货币信贷合理增长

该负责人指出,标普将融资平台公司债务全部计入政府债务,从法律上是不成立的。我国《预算法》《公司法》等法律已经明确界定了中国地方政府债务、国有企业债务的边界。

《预算法》实施以后,地方国有企业(包括融资平台公司)举借的债务依法不属于政府债务,其举借的债务由国有企业负责偿还,地方政府不承担偿还责任;地方政府作为出资人,在出资范围内承担责任。同时,我国《公司法》明确规定,公司以其全部财产对公司的债务承担责任、有限责任公司的股东以其认缴的出资额为限对公司承担责任;股份有限公司的股东以其认购的股份为限对公司承担责任。长期以来,中国政府始终高度重视地方政府债务问题。我们将继续深化财政体制改革,合理划分中央与地方财政事权和支出责任,确保财政持续健康运行。

在信贷方面,中国是一个高储蓄率国家,居民部门的储蓄大量通过金融中介转化为企业部门债务。高储蓄支撑了中国以间接融资为主导的金融体系,银行贷款一直在全社会融资中占据主体地位,只要审慎放贷、强化监管,防控好信用风险,完全可以保持好中国金融体系的稳健性。未来,随着经济结构调整和改革开放的深入推进,中国经济的内生增长活力将进一步增长,保持经济平稳较快增长的同时,完全可以保持货币信贷合理增长。

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