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利空冲击 沪胶弱势难改

2017-09-21 09:42:17   中国经济网

近期,沪胶遭遇断崖式下跌,1801合约8个交易日下跌近3000点,跌幅高达16%,再度跌回7月行情发动起点。中短期来看,沪胶基本面乏善可陈,弱势难改。

供大于求格局不变

今年,全球天胶产量预计同比增长5.5%—6%,维持供大于求的格局。预计四季度天胶供应还将继续大量释放。首先,在胶价高点2010年大面积扩种的胶树今年开始产胶,开割面积大幅增加,并且由于今年原料价格高于前三年同期水平,割胶利润尚可,胶农生产积极性较高;其次,从季节性看,四季度为东南亚主产国产胶旺季,加之今年出现极端天气概率较小,天胶产量环比将会不断上升;最后,三大天胶主产国本月未达成限产协议,限制天胶供应的最后一道枷锁脱落。因此,预计四季度天胶供应宽松。

轮胎企业开工率处于低位

今年轮胎企业开工同比始终处于低位,预计四季度难有改观。首先,天胶下游最重要的替换胎市场屡受冲击,去年出台的运输新政使得单车载货量减少30%,卡车换胎周期延长。此外,京津冀地区采暖季环保限产将于10月启动,公路运输的重要货物煤炭、钢铁等大宗商品产量都将下滑,而运输量减少,替换胎需求也将随之下降。其次,中国轮胎企业存在分散、规模小、生产技术落后等特点,在环保检查日趋严格的背景下,大量环保不达标的企业将停产。最后,轮胎生产所需的辅料包括橡胶助剂和炭黑等,供应短缺、价格暴涨,轮胎工厂被迫提价,但是轮胎工厂的提价难以被消费市场接受,轮胎需求再蒙阴影。

套保货源将逐步流向现货市场

在前期期货高升水的情况下,大批期现套利者涌入期货市场,货源总量高达110万—130万吨,而随着期现价差的收窄,之前被锁定的套保货源将逐步流向现货市场,这将给现货市场造成巨大冲击,尤其是在整体期货市场氛围不佳的情况下,容易形成期现负反馈,加速价格的下跌。其中,最为明显的是作为期现套利主要现货标的复合胶7月进口量同比暴增40%,未来几个月还将陆续到港。从现阶段了解的情况来看,目前虽然保税区内整体天胶库存出现季节性下降,但保税区外复合胶库存却依然高筑,不见松动。种种迹象表明前期套利者正在将手中的现货抛向市场,后期现货市场供应压力巨大。

总之,中短期来看,橡胶基本面隐患重重,缺乏亮点,沪胶仍将维持弱势格局,建议等待反弹抛空时机。

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