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解构360股权“迷宫”: 数百出资人嵌套33家PE

2017-09-18 09:46:45   央广网

从私有化到股份制改造,360回归股权交易结构有着与其他中概股不同的“特立独行”。

公开资料显示,360的拟上市主体为三六零科技股份有限公司,目前股东数量多达42家,其控股股东天津奇信志成科技有限公司(下称“奇信志成”)的出资人也多达37家,且两者的股东构成相似,即在直接入股360的同时,多数投资者也对控股股东出资,形成双层出资的独特架构。

360及奇信志成的投资人绝大多数是PE机构。而正是以PE为主的股东结构,经过层层穿透之后,才实现对360、奇信志成的持股,因此又形成了层层分销、间接股东数量极为庞大的特点。经第一财经记者初步统计,仅360的33家PE股东,一级出资人就超过220家,不仅囊括了大量的金融机构和企业巨头,部分间接股东还出现令人目眩的交叉出资。

双层参股架构

与此前已经完成的中概股私有化回归不同,从控股股东到最终的业务主体,360私有化、A股上市的交易结构安排,均采用了多层架构。

根据中信国安2016年4月披露,在不穿透的情况下,360私有化的架构共分为三层:作为最终股东的参与私有化的投资者,入股控股平台奇信志成,再由该公司作为控股股东控制持有360所有的业务和资产的境内私有化主体天津奇信通达科技有限公司(下称“奇信通达”)。

此360与私有化的奇虎360并非同一主体,业务、股权架构均进行了调整。资料显示,原来作为境内私有化主体的奇信通达于今年2月15日注销后,由天津奇思科技有限公司取代,并在3月21日更名为“三六零科技股份有限公司”(360),注册资本从5617.66万元,增加至20亿元,其中奇信志成出资10.35亿元,持股51.78%,为控股股东。同时,在360的架构中,主体公司也变为北京奇虎科技有限公司,由360持有全部股份。

与上述多层股权架构相对应,360私有化时,以及目前上市主体的交易结构,同样也采用了双层架构,除少数股东外,绝大多数股东在入股持股平台奇信志成时,还直接入股拟上市公司360,形成同时入股控股平台和上市主体的格局。

以360实际控制人周鸿祎为例。天眼查最新资料显示,周鸿祎直接对拟上市公司360出资2.58亿元,持股比例为12.9%股权,为360第二大股东。同时,周鸿祎还对奇信志成出资1000万元,持股比例17.38%,为第一大股东。

不仅是周鸿祎,这种双层交易结构,基本上被所有投资者参与360项目时所采用。截至目前,奇信志成共有37家股东,360有42家股东。除360核心高管齐向东、其他3家PE股东外,360的其他股东,全部参与了对奇信志成出资,其具体结构为:企业、自然人作为LP向有限合伙基金出资、担任GP,而相关合伙企业直接持有360股份,并同时通过奇信志成间接持有360的股份。

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