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燃油成本飙升拖累三大航业绩 汇兑收益升至25亿元

2017-09-06 07:41:50   中国经济网

聚焦三大航企2017年中报,尽管三大航空公司的营业收入增加,但净利润受燃油成本大幅上升影响明显。不过,鉴于人民币升值影响,三大航累计汇兑收益大幅增加至25亿元。

值得一提的是,单从归属于上市公司股东的净利润指标看,三大航企中仅有东方航空实现了增长,这主要是受益于汇兑利好叠加混改概念的走强。

燃油成本拖累业绩表现

中国国航发布的半年报显示,2017年上半年公司营收581.55亿元,同比增长8.65%;净利润33.26亿元,同比下降3.79%。国航在业绩会上表示,油价上涨是上半年增收不增利的主要原因。数据显示,今年上半年,国航营业成本476亿元,同比上涨15.8%,燃油成本更是上升至40.11%。

受燃油价格上涨影响不只是国航。今年上半年,南方航空和东方航空扣非净利也同比下滑。财报显示,南航实现营业收入总额为603.19亿元;归属于上市公司股东的净利润为27.68亿元,较上年同期减少3.64亿元,同比减少11.62%。

而东方航空方面,尽管公司净利润同比增加34.46%至43.47亿元,但扣除非经常性损益后只有22.81亿元,同比下降21.7%。据了解,2017年上半年,东方航空投资收益为人民币19.15亿元,同比增长807.58%,主要是处置了东航物流100%股权,产生投资收益17.54亿元。

从营业收入来看,三大航企表现优秀,但作为航空公司运营成本的重要部分,油价回升和机场起降费调整吞食了航空公司的部分利润。数据显示,上半年中国国航的航油成本为136.29亿元,同比增加40.11%;东方航空为121.39亿元,同比增加45.15%;南方航空为154.02亿元,同比增加50.13%。

对此,东方航空表示,燃油成本增加主要包含两个方面的原因:一是平均油价同比增长38.16%,增加航油成本33.53亿元;二是公司加油量同比增长5.06%,增加航油成本4.23亿元。

受益人民币升值

事实上,上半年三大航企都在燃油成本上栽了”跟头”,但却从人民币升值上占了便宜。

据记者统计,2017年上半年由于人民币升值,三大航企累计实现汇兑收益超过25亿元,其中,国航产生汇兑收益12.7亿元;东航实现汇兑收益6.74亿元,上年同期则产生汇兑损失13.55亿元;南方航空上半年实现汇兑收益5.61亿元,上年同期汇兑损失15.06亿元。值得注意的是,去年同期三大航企汇兑损益累计亏损45亿元。

有航空业专人士对记者表示,汇率的波动对于航空公司的影响主要是两个方面。其一,航空公司有巨额外币负债,人民币大幅波动将产生巨额汇兑差值。其二,随着累计升值(贬值)幅度的提高,对出境游的刺激(抑制)作用将日益明显。

上述人士还表示,汇兑的行情看好加上央企混改的概念走强,造就了近期航空股的大涨。以东航为例,公司积极引入战略投资者,携手达美入股法荷航,借助合作伙伴及天合联盟开拓国际航线。在剥离东航物流给集团后,物流层面引进战略投资者及员工持股计划推进混改。

此外,记者注意到,目前中国国航已创下2015年9月份以来的新高,而南方航空则创下2016年以来新高,人民币升值对其影响巨大。

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