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规范行业收费 健全天然气等领域价格形成机制

2017-09-05 07:06:42   中国经济网

专家表示,理顺定价机制有利于成本由上游向下游顺导,促使行业进入良性健康发展的循环

■本报记者 苏诗钰

为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署,建立健全垄断行业科学定价方式,强化价格监管,近日,国家发改委印发《关于进一步加强垄断行业价格监管的意见》(以下简称《意见》),着力提高监管机制的精细化、科学化水平,推进垄断行业降本增效,促进垄断行业健康可持续发展。

《意见》指出,进一步加强垄断行业价格监管,建立健全科学的定价方式,实质性降低偏高价格和收费水平,既有利于合理降低企业成本和社会负担,也有利于提高垄断行业生产经营效率,是深化供给侧结构性改革的重要内容,是健全现代市场体系的有效举措,是保障社会公共利益的必然要求。

具体来看,垄断行业是由一个或少数经营主体拥有市场支配地位的行业,主要指因存在资源稀缺性、规模经济效益而由一个或少数企业经营的网络型自然垄断环节和重要公用事业、公益性服务行业,主要包括输配电、天然气管道运输、铁路运输等基础性行业以及居民供水供气供热等公用事业。

9月4日,中国国际经济交流中心经济研究部副研究员刘向东在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,对于垄断行业的价格监管需要健全价格形成机制,否则行业上下游产业链就会畸形发展,理顺定价机制将会有利于成本由上游向下游顺导,促使行业进入良性健康发展的循环。

刘向东表示,可以说,推进垄断行业价格改革是供给侧结构性改革的重要方面,因为价格是市场发挥作用的重要信号,理顺价格机制可以更好地发挥市场配置资源的作用。电力、天然气、铁路客运等领域价格改革的关键点是厘清哪些是竞争业务,哪些是垄断环节,重点对垄断环节进行价格监管,价格改革的重点也在于此,竞争业务放开价格管制,而垄断环节要明确价格管制方式方法。

就近期的工作重点,《意见》提出,将围绕电力、天然气、铁路客运、居民供水供气供热等重点领域,加快建立健全成本监审办法和价格形成机制,从细从严开展成本监审和定价工作,规范垄断行业收费,降低企业成本,提高企业效率。

金联创高级分析师梁津昨日在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,天然气方面,《意见》提出在2018年年底前各地要建立起输配环节定价办法、成本监审办法,重新核定省内短途管道运输价格,制定独立配气价格,降低偏高输配价格。

梁津表示,“十三五”是天然气产业供给侧结构性改革的关键时期。天然气价格改革及相关机制的建立将加速行业市场化进程,有利于形成统一、公平、开放的天然气市场,吸引不同资本参与竞争,提高天然气各个板块利用,促进行业健康发展。随着进口天然气比重不断提高,也在一定程度上推进天然气供给侧结构性改革。目前我国管道气和LNG并举的多元化的天然气进口格局已经形成。考虑未来油价或低位运行,进口天然气价格随之降低,加之配套国内价格机制的逐步完善,吸引更多的不同渠道的天然气进入国内,加速国内低碳能源供应,推动能源供给侧改善。

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