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多豆粕空棕榈油套利机会显现

2017-09-04 09:41:07   中国经济网

全球油料增产导致全球植物油库存调增,令油脂市场去库存进程进一步放缓,加之马来西亚棕榈油增产预期未改,以及国内库存正在重建,棕榈油中期下跌概率较大。而大豆在新年度进口需求远高于产量增长,基本面有望转好,预计豆粕继续下跌空间有限。操作上,建议投资者多豆粕空棕榈油,做空油粕比。

全球油料市场供应压力仍存

自2012年开始,美豆除2015年小幅减产3%外,2012、2013、2014、2016年分别增产6.3%、6%、6.6%和9.7%。连续多年的供给过剩促使美豆从2012年1700—1800美分/蒲式耳的高位振荡下跌至850美分/蒲式耳近10年的历史低位。另外,USDA8月供需报告调高美豆产量,下调消费。总体来看,全球油料市场供应压力仍存。

国内棕榈油消费被挤占

受内外严重倒挂,6—7月进口棕榈油买船较少,使得前期港口棕榈油库存维持偏低水平,加之当前贸易商手中货源不多,大多货权集中在工厂手里,因此棕榈油价格相较其他油脂较为抗跌。但自7月中旬开始,棕榈油进口利润窗口打开,国内进口量大增,预计8月、9月棕榈油到港总量达到100万吨以上,满足国内月度40万吨刚需充足有余。

与此同时,豆油和棕榈油现货价差为370元/吨,豆油性价比优势明显,且库存处于高位,后期将继续挤占棕榈油消费。整体而言,在进口增加和替代品豆油供应充足的背景下,棕榈油或面临库存重建。

进口呈逐月增长态势

今年上半年,我国大豆进口量呈现逐月增长态势,7月进口高达1008万吨,创单月进口历史最高纪录。从大豆进口历史规律来看,3—7月是进口增长阶段,8—10月开始回落,11月、12月回升。根据预估,8月大豆到港为802万吨,9月为680万吨,10月为700万吨,未来几个月,国内供应大豆压力减轻。

库存方面,8月国内大豆和豆粕库存连续4周回落,压力减轻。截至8月27日当周,油厂豆粕库存降至100万吨,比最高峰时期减少了23万吨,大豆库存为571万吨,比高峰时期减少了38万吨。另外,受环保检查影响,部分饲料企业和油厂停工,同时影响到豆粒上游供应和下游需求,但鉴于饲料和压榨行业规模化程度高,在环保方面管控较好,预计整体影响不大。

豆粕供需有望转好

需求方面,豆粕价格相对于菜粕一直偏弱,相对于菜粕和其他杂粕都具有很强的价格优势,挤占了其他杂粕的大部分市场份额,消化了增加的大部分豆粕。

生猪消费方面,2015年开始的环保整顿目前基本进入收尾阶段,生猪存栏从高峰时的3.7亿头降至3.5亿头,产能继续减少的空间已经不大。而大型的产业集团正借此机会进行扩张,生猪存栏拐点或在近期出现,预计未来将进入上升通道。从供需上看,未来国内豆粕需求有望转好,供应收紧,豆粕继续下跌空间受限。

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