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需求难有起色 塑料或高位回落

2017-08-29 10:00:29   中国经济网

利多逐渐消化

在社会库存走低、环保限产、商品普涨等因素推动下,塑料时隔半年再破万点关口。我们认为,库存有企稳迹象,需求没有明显改观,前期利多因素逐渐为市场所消化,塑料继续大幅上涨的基础不牢,在现货市场价格平稳的情况下,塑料或高位回落。

社会库存或企稳

最近,塑料期货价格大涨的原因之一就是社会库存降低。通过分析数据,我们认为本轮塑料库存降低可能是供给降低导致的。据统计,2017年6月PE产量为105.6万吨,同比降低6.2%;LLDPE产量为42.2万吨,同比减少6.3%。1—6月,PE产量为719.0万吨,同比降低0.2%;LLDPE产量为283.1万吨,同比减少4.9%。上半年PE产量同比变化不大,塑料减产明显,原因可能是上半年塑料价格一直走下坡路,企业利润空间有限,生产积极性不高。

据有关机构统计,截至8月23日,四大地区石化PE库存约为5.4万吨,周环比减少130吨。但值得注意的是,华南地区部分石化PE库存总量在1.9万吨左右,比上一统计周期增加1740吨,涨幅9.9%。贸易商方面,部分商家库存有所下降,但大型贸易商库存量较多,套保商也存在隐形库存,数量也在增加。我们认为,在塑料价格走高的情况下,PE库存或将转化为塑料库存,部分生产企业有在期货市场上高位保值的动力,不利于价格走高。

此外,在检修装置产能方面,据不完全统计,有6家企业停产检修,检修产能83万吨,其中本年度8月开始检修的产能为62万吨,开车时间待定,停产检修的主要原因可能是环保压力。一旦环保风头过去,这部分近期停产检修的企业可能开工生产,增加供给。总体来看,环保因素对塑料价格的提振作用基本为市场所消化,后续上涨动力不足。

需求无明显变化

塑料的主要用途是生产塑料制品、塑料薄膜和农用薄膜等,其中塑料制品占比超过80%,塑料薄膜约16%,农用薄膜仅仅2%左右。据统计,7月,塑料制品产量为689.50万吨,同比增幅2.00%,环比下降58.63万吨,降幅高达8.5%,这意味着塑料下游需求并没有太大的变化。部分投资者认为即将步入农用薄膜需求旺季,塑料价格将受到支撑,但是农用薄膜在塑料下游产品中的占比非常低,其产量增加对塑料价格的影响较为有限。此外,由于农用薄膜价格偏高,下游厂家采购也较为谨慎。综合分析,近期需求端并没有明显改善。

利多共振效用递减

本轮商品大涨的推动因素主要有美元指数走弱、环保限产、中国因素等,但大幅上涨一定程度上已经反映了利多因素,短期商品上涨动能趋弱。美元指数经过阶段下行,目前正在筑底,一旦筑底完成,那么上涨的可能性就比较大。环保限产也是有时间期限的,一直限产下去的可能性不大,其带来的效用可能是行业的重新洗牌,以“阵痛”替代“长痛”,更好地促进发展。环保限产到期后,部分大宗商品价格或面临调整。中国因素主要是市场看好中国经济发展,但炒作因素更多一些,价格终究会回归理性。当这些因素共振效用不断减小时,商品价格最终要向现货价格靠拢。

从期货量仓的角度分析,塑料期货主力1801合约量能并没有放大,反而呈现缩量减仓的态势,这是塑料价格难以继续走高的理由之一。

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