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奋战A股十多年 QFII投资风格本土化

2017-08-23 10:35:17   新华网

随着上市公司半年报逐步披露,QFII持仓情况浮出水面。记者梳理QFII自2003年以来的十多年持仓发现,QFII的持仓结构变化反映了中国经济“新常态”的宏观背景。此外,向来被誉为A股聪明钱的QFII实际操盘者并非都是“进口资管力量”,而更多是由本土力量主导。

从基建到消费制造

上市公司2017年一季报显示,274家上市公司十大流通股东出现QFII机构,其中瑞银出现在53家A股公司的十大流通股东中,“出镜率”夺魁,对格力电器、五粮液、海康威视、洋河股份的持仓市值超过10亿元。

分析人士表示,十多年来,瑞银的持仓变化体现了QFII对A股的偏好从基建转向消费和制造。彼时,首家QFII机构瑞银买入的四只股票是:宝钢股份、上港集箱、外运发展、中兴通讯。

QFII管理机构新加坡毕盛(上海)投资总经理曾生告诉记者,QFII相较A股其他投资者更能体现中国经济转型。2013年尤其是2008年金融危机之前,中国经济长期保持高速增长,投资驱动的经济增长背后是基建大手笔投资。随着投资和出口驱动型经济不可持续,2013年之后,保持7%左右增速的可持续增长成为经济新常态,消费升级和制造升级驱动力增加。根据上市公司年报披露的十大流通股东,QFII持仓尽显“新常态”——食品消费和高端制造板块开始跻身重仓市值的前三名。

数据显示,按持仓市值计算,2003年至2008年,QFII持仓市值前三的板块在银行、材料、运输、资本货物等之间轮换。2013年后,食品消费持仓市值排名显著上升,成为QFII资金最青睐的板块之一。截至2017年一季度,机械设备、食品饮料连续21个季度位居QFII持股市值行业前两名。

本土力量主导操盘

“神秘”的QFII,本土投资力量实际为操盘主力,但良好的投资者结构使得QFII更易长线布局。

某位给QFII管理资金十多年的投资经理告诉记者,从境内券商、基金公司出去的目前在外资资管机构工作的基金经理或者外资资源丰富的内资资管机构是主要操盘力量。

诺亚香港联席首席投资官兼歌斐资产董事总经理马晖洪表示,QFII机构一般要求被委托方1年、3年、5年均跑赢基准——MSCI亚洲股票指数。曾生表示,与QFII接触的经验显示,QFII不喜欢单票对组合贡献过高——收益不易持续,有基金经理由于过去几年收益主要由某水泥股贡献而错失QFII资金。

曾生介绍,其与QFII合作的13年中,茅台和格力电器的累计持有时间均超过10年。格力电器为其带来的收益超过20亿元。

QFII机构要求收益可持续,坚持长期持有为QFII的长期稳健收益奠定了良好基础。据了解,不少QFII机构在持有A股的十多年间,获得的年化收益接近20%。

不过,QFII机构外资主体令其在A股的投资相较于其它投资者又增一层风险。金融危机期间,QFII在2009年一季度A股已经触底反弹之后仍然大量赎回,瑞银、高盛等投资银行赎回尤其严重。业内人士表示,虽然危机主要影响欧美市场,这些投资银行在新兴市场的投资也不得不回笼资金,导致QFII大面积“被动”赎回。(记者 吴娟娟)

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