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余额宝“限购” 5万亿的货币基金或迎强监管

2017-08-18 14:13:35   中国经济网

“第二个方面则是监管层会更乐于接受余额宝等货币基金主动下调上限。”董登新坦言。

货币基金的隐忧

货币基金或许正在不断成为公募基金中一股不容忽视的力量。

根据中国基金业协会数据显示,截至2017年6月30日,325只货币基金累计资产净值为51056.69亿元,占10万亿公募资产的比重逾50%。5.1万亿的体量相较3月末40314.22亿元的资产净值,一个季度资产净值增长逾万亿,增幅26.6%。若与1月份36053.04亿元的低点做比较,5个月间货币基金资产净值增长了41.6%,增幅超过四成。

与此同时,有公开的数据显示,截至3月末,3841只基金公布了一季报;到了6月末,4136只基金公布了二季报,截至目前中国公募基金总数超过了4000只。这也意味着数量占比约7%的货币基金占到了半壁以上的基金江山。平均下来,单只基金平均规模157亿元。若剔除天弘余额宝的14318.05亿元部分,则单只货币基金的规模为113.4亿元,显然百亿货币基金绝非稀缺品。

实际上,货币体量的快速增长离不开收益的变动因素。2016年11月底,货币基金的平均7日年化收益率不足2.5%,而到了今年的6月20日货币基金的整体收益率突破4%。

对此,财富证券研究员皮辉娟称,货币收益率的迅猛上涨与银行MPA考核有直接关系。特别是每年到了6月份,银行就开始对“钱荒”产生周期性的隐忧,提款变现以应付短端资金供需失衡已成常态,但这无疑推高了资金周转成本。

民生证券首席研究员朱振鑫在接受《中国产经新闻》记者采访时坦言:“货币基金大幅增长的背后是通道化,这不符合监管的改革方向,而且高收益和高规模的矛盾会更加突出。”

董登新也认为,目前我国的货币基金扩张过快,相对于公募基金规模太大,这其中也有余额宝的示范效应在里面,而反观股票基金却比较“过时”,所以从公募基金类型来看,股票基金应该规模最大,货币基金应该小。

“货币基金如果规模太大,很容易带来资金的短凑,尤其是资金空转或者大搬家,很多短期资本流向货币基金会带来过度投机,所以货币基金扩张应该适度和理性。”董登新说。

监管将进阶

目前货币基金潜在的流动性风险或许已经是一个无法回避的问题,在强监管时代相关的监管政策或将逐一落地。

董登新指出,从监管角度讲,货币基金扩张要遵从市场化规律,要防止货币基金过度扩张引发金融风险或是加剧资金短期流动所出现的风险。

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