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百年煤城转型记

2017-07-10 12:54:32   经济参考报

原标题:百年煤城转型记

从事煤炭销售20多年的单永宝历经“黑金”行业多轮起伏, 2015年转身投资石墨烯产业。他说:“光捣弄煤没啥前景了。”在鹤岗,像单永宝一样转型的人正在增多。

受经济下行压力影响,鹤岗市过去4年经济发展有3年负增长,给鹤岗人敲响了警钟。

“鹤岗要去煤城化,发展非煤项目,打一轮转型攻坚战。”在全市关于如何走出困境、找到转型新路的大讨论中,鹤岗市决策者明确提出,资源型城市转型首要的是思想转型。

百年煤城黑龙江省鹤岗市因煤而兴,同样因煤而困。鹤岗市开始探索煤与非煤产业双轮驱动,正在上演一场“黑变绿”转型攻坚战,初现绿色矿业、绿色食品、生态旅游多元拉动,今年一季度经济增长实现了由负转正。

北倚黑龙江,南衔松花江,西枕小兴安岭,鹤岗被这“两江一岭”环抱而成一个生态金三角。为此,鹤岗市确定把“生态立市”战略摆在第一位,以绿色发展理念引领煤城转型。

鹤岗开始大力培育和发展绿色矿业、生态农业、文化旅游、外贸物流和战略新兴产业等五大产业。今年以来,一批绿色转型发展项目陆续开工,首批开工73个项目总投资达127亿元。

俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院的阿列克教授正在鹤岗一家企业进行煤炭提纯研究。他说:“企业提供了便利条件,很快进入中试阶段,如果研发成功将为黑色煤炭甩掉污染的帽子。”

如今,鹤岗市辖区森林覆盖率达到70%,空气环境质量持续改善,空气中闻不到焦煤的味道,这与人们以往印象中乌烟瘴气的煤城大相径庭。

鹤岗市延伸产业链、提升价值链,按“粮头食尾”“农头工尾”构筑精深加工产业体系,生态优势正在不断放大,绿色食品加工业年产值达到45亿元。

黑龙江省万源粮油食品有限公司已形成全绿色加工产业链条,吃干榨净出精品,小稻粒做成大产业。以往的副产品稻壳和米糠,在这里成了新宝贝。

公司董事长房泽纲说:“黑龙江水稻过去以加工大米为主,米糠、稻壳这些好资源白白浪费,通过全产业链加工后,1吨水稻可增值300多元。”

房泽纲给记者算了一笔账,1吨水稻能出67%左右的米,18%-20%的稻壳,8%-10%的米糠。

1吨稻壳能发电641千瓦时,稻壳灰可做白炭黑和活性炭;米糠能出17%的毛油和81%的糠粕,糠粕可作饲料,毛油可炼出70%的食用油,3.5%的谷维素,5%的蜡糊,20%的混合脂肪酸,其中蜡糊还能出50%精致蜡。

鹤岗市工信委驻万源公司联络员曹兴文说,万源几乎没啥废料,如果粮油加工业都这样,全省可节约1600万亩土地,全国可节约1.6亿亩土地或2000万吨煤。

如今,鹤岗正在加快建设“两江一岭”绿色食品加工基地,绿色食品产业已成支柱产业,形成了水稻、玉米、大豆、肉和酒类等五大加工产业,力争到2020年绿色食品加工业产值达到60亿元,实现“绿色粮仓”到“绿色厨房”的跨越。

6月初,总投资60亿元的国信通动力电池和智能手机项目在鹤岗正式开工,这是鹤岗绿色生产方式促结构调整的妙招。

打造中俄口岸经济、建设生态旅游胜地、开发石墨高精尖产品,鹤岗正在形成低碳产业、绿色产业、接续产业“三位一体”综合推进格局。

探明储量超过10亿吨的石墨为鹤岗转型提供新机遇,但当地拒走“重原料、轻加工”老路,大力开发石墨高精尖产品,延伸深加工产业链条。

(责编:孙阳、杨曦)

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