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千余家公司存粉饰财报嫌疑 房地产成重灾区

2017-06-26 11:57:17   经济参考报

原标题:千余家公司存粉饰财报嫌疑 房地产成重灾区

25日,中国财富传媒集团中国财富研究院和商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院联合发布《中国非金融类上市公司财务安全评估报告》(2017年春季)。报告指出,2017年是近10年中,中国非金融类上市公司财务安全状况表现最糟糕的一年,总体财务安全形势进一步恶化,近半数公司有财务报表粉饰嫌疑。

该报告根据Themis(赛弥斯)纯定量异常值评级分析技术,选取中国非金融类上市公司样本总数2629家,对中国非金融类上市公司财务安全总指数(简称FSI总指数)进行了具体分析。

报告指出,2017年FSI总指数为4922.75点,较上年度下降了37.72个基点,降幅为-0.76%。分市场看,2017年创业板市场上市公司财务安全指数低于主板和中小板。从产业看,第三产业上市公司的总体财务安全状况最差。

从上市公司财务安全等级总体情况看,2017年,在全部非金融上市公司样本中,中国财务安全最优秀上市公司(AAA级)有6家,占所有非金融上市公司总数的0.23%,较优秀上市公司(AA级)以上110家,占比4.18%。且从近五年统计数据来看,优秀上市公司数量正在逐渐减少,出现财务风险上市公司的数量正在不断增加。

值得注意的是,在2017年进行财务安全评级的2629家样本中,有1139家上市公司存在不同程度的财务报表粉饰嫌疑,占全部样本上市公司的43.32%。分行业看,在138家房地产上市公司中,有98家存在不同程度的财务报表粉饰嫌疑,行业占比达71.01%;在56家家用电器类上市公司中,有34家存在财务报表粉饰嫌疑,行业占比60.71%;在34家休闲服务类上市公司中,有20家存在财务报表粉饰嫌疑,行业占比58.82%。

“2017年FSI总指数继续下滑的判断,与铁路货运量增长、工业用电、进出口增长等同比指数曲线基本一致,这也在一定程度上说明中国经济进入缓慢下行通道。”中国财政科学研究院公共资产研究中心主任文宗瑜说。

文宗瑜还指出,第三产业上市公司总体财务安全状况最差,也在一定程度上反映了当下中国虚拟经济成本快速上升,导致虚拟经济的投资面临着相当大的风险。

(责编:孔海丽、伍振国)

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