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无人机再不是想飞就能飞——聚焦无人机实名制登记

2017-06-01 12:10:35   新华社

新华社北京5月31日电 题:无人机再不是“想飞就能飞”——聚焦无人机实名制登记

新华社记者 齐中熙

6月1日起,已经或正准备购买无人机的用户需要注意,如果您的无人机起飞重量在250克(含)以上,就必须根据民航局发布的《民用无人驾驶航空器实名制登记管理规定》进行实名登记注册。8月31日后如果仍未注册,其行为将被视为非法,无人机的使用也将受影响。

为什么要实行“实名制”

民航局空管办副主任张瑞庆表示,民用无人机的登记注册制度是国际上普遍采取的一种管理方式,是无人机管理的基础。5月18日,民航局已完成民用无人机登记注册系统的开发并上线运行。

中国航空运输协会通航分会副总干事孙卫国介绍,无人机实名制登记是国际通行措施,如美国于2015年底开始无人机实名制登记,现注册用户约77万人,没有实名制登记将受到处罚。

今年以来,无人机“黑飞”威胁民航安全事件频发。据民航局方面介绍,仅今年1月中旬至2月中旬,就发生12起无人机违法违规运行威胁民航安全事件,其中7起造成航班调整、避让、备降、延误。

5月12日晚,重庆机场遭遇无人机干扰,持续时间长达近4个小时,造成重庆机场40余个航班备降,60余个航班取消,140余个航班延误,上万旅客出行受到影响。

无人机干扰正常航班,不仅造成旅客时间延误,对航空公司在经济造成损失,更重要的是严重威胁航班安全。机场一旦发现无人机等航空器靠近飞机,会紧急采取措施,在确保安全后,航班才能恢复正常起降。

如何进行实名制登记注册?

根据《民用无人驾驶航空器实名制登记管理规定》,实名登记包括无人机制造商和无人机拥有者,其流程包括:

民用无人机制造商和民用无人机拥有者在“无人机实名登记系统”(https://uas.caac.gov.cn)上申请账户;民用无人机制造商在该系统中填报其所有产品的信息;民用无人机拥有者在该系统中实名登记其拥有产品的信息,并将系统给定的登记标志粘贴在无人机上。

民用无人机制造商需要实名登记的信息内容包括:制造商名称、注册地址和联系方式;产品名称和型号;空机重量和最大起飞重量;产品类别;无人机购买者姓名和移动电话。

个人民用无人机拥有者登记信息包括:拥有者姓名;有效证件号码(如身份证号、护照号等);移动电话和电子邮箱;产品型号、产品序号;使用目的。

如果民用无人机拥有者是单位组织,则要在“无人机实名登记系统”中登记单位名称;统一社会信用代码或者组织机构代码等。

实名制后还将如何规范?

张瑞庆说,有关部门将逐步规范无人机开展商业运营的市场秩序。民航局正在制定使用无人机开展通用航空经营活动的准入管理规定,针对发展特点和需求,拟将农林喷洒、空中拍照、航空摄影和执照培训四类主要经营项目列为许可对象,同时配套开发无人机准入和经营活动监管平台。

同时,有关部门还将开展无人机专项整治工作。根据国家空管委的要求,民航局已经召开了全行业电视电话会议,专题布置无人机专项整治任务,将发挥部门联动机制的优势,配合地方政府、公安等部门建立无人机违法违规飞行的联防联控机制,落实好民航对民用无人机管理的各项职责,综合施策确保民航飞行安全。

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