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减持新规充分酝酿后“上线” 七个“升级”打击五类乱象

2017-05-28 17:06:20   新华社

端午假期前最后一个工作日,证监会、沪深交易所公布了减持规定“升级版”,新规从七方面“升级”,剑指目前五类减持乱象。减持新规为何出台?是怎么酝酿诞生的?又将给市场带来怎样的变化?

减持规定从七方面“升级”

去年1月,证监会曾发布《上市公司大股东、董监高减持股份的若干规定》。27日,证监会又发布了《上市公司股东、董监高减持股份的若干规定》。此次新规被市场认为是16个月前减持规定的“升级版”。

“升级版”减持规定聚焦以下七个方面:

一是完善大宗交易“过桥减持”监管安排。通过大宗交易减持股份的,出让方与受让方都应当遵守证券交易所关于减持数量、持有时间等规定。

二是完善非公开发行股份解禁后的减持规范。持有非公开发行股份的股东,在锁定期届满后12个月内通过集中竞价交易减持,应当符合证券交易所规定的比例限制。

三是完善适用范围。对于虽然不是大股东,但如果其持有公司首次公开发行前发行的股份和上市公司非公开发行的股份,每3个月通过证券交易所集中竞价交易减持的该部分股份总数不得超过公司股份总数的1%。

四是完善减持信息披露制度。增加了董监高的减持预披露要求,从事前、事中、事后全面细化完善大股东和董监高的披露规则。

五是完善协议转让规则。明确可交换债换股、股票权益互换等类似协议转让的行为应遵守减持规定。适用范围内的股东协议转让股份的,出让方与受让方应在一定期限内继续遵守减持比例限制。

六是规定持股5%以上股东减持时与一致行动人的持股合并计算。

七是明确股东减持应符合证券交易所规定,有违反的将依法查处;为维护交易秩序、防范市场风险,证券交易所对异常交易行为可以依法采取限制交易等措施。

专家分析,尽管两个规定名称仅一字之差,但“升级版”从股东身份、股票来源、减持通道等角度全面升级了监管措施。

减持新规经过了充分酝酿

上市公司股份减持制度是资本市场重要的基础性制度。在此次减持新规发布之前,资本市场已经形成了减持监管的一套规则体系。

然而,随着市场情况的不断变化,现行减持制度也暴露出一些问题:一是大股东集中减持规范不够完善,大宗交易转让股份成为绕道监管的“后门”;二是上市公司非公开发行股份解禁后的减持数量没有限制;三是对于虽然不是大股东但持有首次公开发行前的股份和上市公司非公开发行的股份的股东,在锁定期届满后大幅减持缺乏有针对性的制度规范;四是有关股东减持的信息披露要求不够完备,一些大股东、董监高利用信息优势“精准减持”;五是市场上还存在董监高通过辞职方式,人为规避减持规则等“恶意减持”行为。

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