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工人日报:别让创新企业成为他人的“提款机”

2017-05-24 13:38:27   工人日报

大众创业、万众创新需要完善的制度环境,“中国制造2025”离不开强有力的法律保障。企业创新遭遇的种种侵害,是提醒也是呼吁,构建一张保护企业创新的法律之网到了该“重拳出击”的时候了。

“企业创新,有些困难咬咬牙能克服。最让人头疼的,是新技术、新产品经常被侵权,而且维权之路异常艰难……”据5月22日《人民日报》报道,在记者对国内3省6市121家企业的调查中,企业普遍反映,尽管近几年来我国打击仿冒侵权的力度逐年加大,但由于相关制度和法律法规不合理、不完善,知识产权保护依然不给力,创新型企业的合法权益很难得到有效保护。

一些企业投入巨大,进行科技创新,以期获得比他人具有优势的竞争力,但假冒等侵害行为的大量发生,导致创新成果被“侵蚀”,不仅未得到预期回报,还让竞争对手取得了额外收益。如此结果,既伤害了企业的创新积极性,也与国家鼓励企业创新的初衷背道而驰。

创新是企业发展的不竭动力,也是获取比较优势的核心元素。要获取市场竞争优势,必须重视和加强并保护企业的创新能力,这已成为被实践证明的规律。为鼓励企业创新,我国近年来持续出台了包括税收、信贷、企业孵化器等方面的倾斜政策,同时打击侵害知识产权违法行为的力度也在逐年加大,最高法院和一些省市法院不定期公布侵害知识产权的案例,警示不法企业。

在肯定保护企业创新成效的同时,也该正视一些长期存在的问题。比如,一些企业明目张胆地打“擦边球”,想方设法仿造、假冒其他企业的专利技术和新技术产品。不少拥有专利技术的企业不得不设立专门机构进行打假,浪费了大量的精力,有时尽管官司打赢了,但赔偿额远低于企业创新成本,维权成效难如人意,难免出现“李鬼”开心“李逵”伤心的局面;再比如,在专利申请上,一些被业界称为“专利蟑螂”的企业和个人,自身不搞科研,而是紧盯一些企业的专利发明动向,一旦有机可乘就抢先注册实用新型专利,然后通过诉讼或其他方式让这些企业“埋单”,真正创新的企业反而成了他人的“提款机”。

侵害企业创新成果的违法行为背后,是现实中制度机制上的沉疴痼疾。“专利蟑螂”的存在,很大程度上与我国实用新型专利申请条件重形式轻实质,授予条件相对宽松有关;创新型企业合法权益保护不给力,与相关法律对侵害知识产权的处罚力度弱有关;一些企业打假不尽人意,与证据适用原则有着很大关联,如果改变侵害知识产权案件的证据适用原则,让违法者举证证明其不违法,企业的“烦恼”会少很多;一些“李鬼”长期游走在违法边缘,与商事违法行为“黑名单”制度不健全和企业设立对股东资格的审查条件有关,如果将一些长期侵害知识产权的“惯犯”纳入“黑名单”中,在设立企业时对其股东资格进行否决,侵权“游击队”也不至于肆无忌惮。

侵害企业创新的违法行为的持续存在,阻碍创新步伐、威胁国家发展、损害社会诚信,决不可听之任之。有关部门应认真分析违法行为的演变路径,采取强有力的措施予以严惩。大众创业、万众创新需要完善的制度环境,“中国制造2025”离不开强有力的法律保障。企业创新遭遇的种种侵害,是提醒也是呼吁,构建一张保护企业创新的法律之网到了该“重拳出击”的时候了。

本报评论员 郭振纲

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