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山东兰陵在全国首次推出蒜薹目标价格保险机制

2017-05-22 11:33:26   

又到蒜薹收获季,与持续升温的天气截然相反,全国多地蒜薹价格出现普遍下跌,有的地方蒜薹收购价每斤不足1元。然而,作为全国大蒜主产区之一的山东兰陵县,却呈现蒜薹产销两旺的景象,当地蒜薹价格走势坚挺,每斤收购价最高达到3.5元。

在兰陵县蒜薹主产区磨山镇河套屯,满载蒜薹的车辆络绎不绝。“这里的蒜薹零售价一直比其他产区高,其最大优点是耐储存。其他地方的蒜薹在冷库里只能储存到春节前,但兰陵蒜薹能储存到第二年清明节。”有着27年购销经验的大蒜经纪人刘朝新表示,今年将把收购点扩大到20个,计划收购110万斤蒜薹。

“听说今年全国蒜薹过剩的消息,别的地方农民可能心里会‘咯噔’一下,可是我们并不担心,有政府出台的蒜臺保险给托底,就跟吃了定心丸一样。我的5亩大蒜都上了保险,蒜薹价格就是坐上‘滑梯’也不怕了。”兰陵蒜农刘士胜所说的蒜臺保险是蒜薹目标价格保险,为保护大蒜产业健康发展,兰陵县从2014年底开始研究申请蒜薹目标价格保险工作,2016年被列为山东省唯一一个蒜臺目标价格保险试点县,在全国首次推出蒜薹目标价格保险机制,蒜农只需每亩交纳24元的保费,即可享受最高达1500元的蒜薹差价赔偿。

据兰陵县物价局局长廖俊宽介绍,蒜薹目标价格保险是按照近5年的统计数据,确定蒜薹的平均生产成本和目标销售价格,去年保费为每亩120元,农户只需交纳20%,即24元,剩余80%由各级财政“埋单”。如果蒜薹监测平均价格低于目标价格,即由保险公司赔付差额部分。

今年,兰陵县大蒜参保面积在去年19.1万亩的基础上,增加到29.68万亩,占种植面积的89.9%,他们实行既保价格又保收入的“双保险”,只要蒜薹价格低于每斤2.75元、蒜薹收入每亩低于1500元,就由保险公司赔偿差价。今年一亩保费105元,蒜农只需负担20%的费用,也就是每亩只需交纳21元。

“目前,兰陵县60处价格采集点每天采集当日蒜薹销售价格信息上报山东省物价局,在蒜薹收购结束后,当物价部门监测的平均收购价格低于目标价格,视为理赔事件发生,低于目标价格部分,由保险公司赔付。去年,保险公司按照约定赔付蒜农共计1390万元。”廖俊宽说。

“蒜薹保险解除了蒜农的后顾之忧,兰陵县这一着眼于农业供给侧结构性改革的制度设计,有效保障了蒜农利益,稳定了市场价格。”中国蔬菜流通协会大蒜专业委员会副会长宋加才对兰陵县的做法“点赞”,他同时还告诉记者,尽管有蒜薹保险托底,让兰陵蒜农躲过了价跌滞销的险境,但因受强暖冬与倒春寒等气候影响,兰陵县今年出现了5%至10%的“哑蒜”等灾害,造成部分减产,影响了蒜农收入。“建议当地继续探索农业保险的覆盖面,千方百计把农民受自然灾害的影响降至最低。”宋加才说。(本报记者 王金虎 通讯员 贾传龙)

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