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价格超出大众支出预期 中国低空旅游艰难“起飞”

2017-05-06 05:56:15   

随着一架红色罗宾逊R44直升机载着游客腾空而起,湖北武汉后官湖低空游正式推出;山西大同低空旅游项目对外发布,10位市民登机体验,从空中鸟瞰家乡美景;在四川罗江低空旅游首航仪式上,为了致敬劳动者,两名环卫工被选作代表去“换个角度看世界”……近段时间密集发生的这一系列新闻,让“低空旅游”猛烈地撞进了公众的视线。

所谓“低空旅游”,是指人们在低空空域(我国原则上是指真高1000米以下的垂直范围),依托通用航空运输、通用航空器和低空飞行器所从事的旅游、娱乐和运动。从这个角度来看,三角翼、滑翔伞、热气球等都算是“低空旅游”的范畴,但在这里,说的主要是直升机“低空旅游”。

作为我国通用航空供给侧改革的重要领域,直升机“低空旅游”前途可观,预计未来市场规模每年增长30%至50%。加上政策给力,去年出台的《国务院办公厅关于促进通用航空业发展的指导意见》明确规定,到2020年,通用机场增加到500个,通用航空器增至5000架,年飞行量达到200万小时以上。眼瞅着,旅游插上低空的翅膀、低空安上旅游的马达之后,就要飞出一片新“蓝海”。且慢,别急着憧憬未来,先谈谈价格再说。

直升机“低空旅游”想抓住的,是百姓旅游消费的热情。但是,在消费这件事上,百姓对价格是极其敏感的,目前飞十几分钟就要上千元的情况、凑不满人就要“被迫”以包机价格享受包机待遇的现实,让很多人慨叹“玩不起”。即使有些企业通过各种方式调低了成本,将游客单次体验价格降到了600元左右,还是超出了大众支出预期,难以形成规模效应。或许,同样是看长城,景区门口挤得水泄不通、六公里外空中俯瞰八达岭的通航机场却异常冷清的原因,正在于此。

当然,直升机“低空旅游”看上去光鲜亮丽、实际上却遭遇困窘的现实背后,还有一些十分关键、普通消费者却难以感知的因素。比如,空域审批程序依然复杂,实行“一飞一报”“一事一议”;我国飞行器市场研发力量不足,生产、维修等环节薄弱,严重依赖国外进口,拉高了成本;专业驾驶员稀缺,培养费用居高不下,等等。

其实,这一切都说明我国直升机“低空旅游”市场才刚刚“起飞”,而且,从通航发展成熟的欧美国家经验来看,其在很长一段时间内都将是一个小规模市场。各地、各路资本在保持对“低空旅游”发展信心的同时,也要做好长时间培育市场的准备。

至于培育手段,首先就是科普飞行体验知识,提高百姓对“低空旅游”的认知度。毕竟,得让大家先知道有这样一种旅游方式,才能谈到参与的问题。国外的通用航空发展都是从“玩”开始的,以美国为例,很多人在儿童时期就体验过模拟飞行,参与航空节、参观航空博物馆也是他们的休闲方式,而这也推动了美国航空文化的传播与传承。其次,要丰富产品设计。通用机场一般离市区较远,如果游客开车一个小时到这里,却只飞了10分钟,吸引力是不大的。也就是说,除了飞之外,还可以在项目基地引入航空用品销售、飞行影音享受、航模表演、视频拍摄等,让游客飞行之后不想走、回去之后还想来,这些周边项目的利润比飞行要高得多,有助缓解通航企业的运营压力。再次,必须加强风险管控,注重安全意识的宣传教育。这既包括针对运营企业的安全管理,也包括针对普通消费者的安全培训,让其充分了解可能存在的危险源,时刻以安全至上为准则来约束自己的行为。

总之,直升机“低空旅游”拥有光明的未来,这是事实;眼下刚刚起步,还面临一系列掣肘,这也是事实。只有同时基于上述事实,认真打造符合直升机“低空旅游”的商业模式,我们才能更好地在空中欣赏地面上看不到的美景。

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