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4月美国汽车销售疲软 主要制造商销量齐下降

2017-05-04 11:15:13   经济参考报

原标题:4月美国汽车销售疲软 主要制造商销量齐下降

据主要汽车生产商最新统计数据,美国4月新车销售同比出现下降,为2009年以来首次同比下跌,这意味着推动美国汽车行业在去年创下销售纪录的长期繁荣周期正在失去动力。

据行业咨询公司汽车数据资料库计算,4月,经季节调整后的汽车销售年率为1688万辆,低于路透调查中分析师平均预估的1720万辆。

3月汽车销售已不尽如人意,但并未受到车企重视,4月新车销售继续同比下降。连续两个月销售情况不佳,开始让华尔街担心,自2010年大衰退结束以来,具有周期性质的汽车行业在经历了几乎未间断的繁荣期之后,现已开始走下坡路。

2016年,新车销售达到创纪录的高位1755万辆。但随着消费者对新车的兴致消退,汽车生产商更加依赖折扣战。目前美国汽车业正面临以下问题:业者即便高折扣也不能吸引消费者,汽车销量仍旧下滑,且库存水平高涨;大量二手车充斥市场,对新车销售产生挤压。

各大品牌汽车销售全面疲弱。上周,通用汽车发布的第一季度获利创出新高,但对股价几无影响,其估值已不及特斯拉。目前特斯拉市值为530亿美元,比通用高出近30亿美元。通用4月销售也下滑了6%,但跨界车和卡车持续强劲增长。通用汽车表示,其优惠力度相当于交易价格的11.7%。该公司还表示,4月底时的库存水平升至相当于100日的供应量,2016年底时约为70日。

以营收计算,排名仅次于通用的美国第二大汽车生产商福特4月销售也减少7.2%。福特汽车美国市场推广、销售与服务业务副总裁马克·拉内韦在电话会议中强调,汽车行业在4月的优惠促销力度“相对克制”。福特轿车销量下滑21%,卡车销量跌4.2%,而SUV销量小幅增加1.2%。

丰田汽车销售下滑4.4%,其中高端品牌雷克萨斯的销量下降11.1%。丰田在美国市场的轿车销量减少10.4%,卡车销量则增加2.1%。日产汽车称,4月美国销量减少1.5%,但SUV、跨界车型与卡车销量增11%。本田汽车4月销量下滑7%,轿车销量降7.4%,卡车销量仅微升0.8%。

汽车行业销售下滑已经拖累到经济增长。美国商务部上周五发布的数据显示,美国第一季国内生产总值环比年率初值仅为0.7%,汽车销售对国内生产总值构成拖累。有分析认为,若剔除汽车行业,国内生产总值增幅或许能达到1.2%。

(责编:孙博洋、杨曦)

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